Foxtail ferns, known for their bushy appearance, are popular ornamental plants. Despite their common name, these plants are not true ferns but members of the asparagus family, reproducing by seeds rather than spores. Propagating foxtail ferns allows gardeners to expand their collection, share plants, or rejuvenate an existing specimen.
When to Propagate Foxtail Ferns
The best time to propagate foxtail ferns is during spring or early summer, aligning with their active growth phase for quicker establishment. Signs a foxtail fern is ready for division include being root-bound (roots visible at the soil surface or drainage holes) or having developed multiple distinct crowns. An overgrown plant that has outgrown its container is also a candidate for division. Before beginning the process, gather a sharp, clean knife or a sturdy pair of pruners, new pots, and fresh, well-draining potting mix.
Propagating Foxtail Ferns by Division
Division is the most common and accessible method for propagating foxtail ferns. Carefully remove the plant from its pot. Gently tip the container and slide the plant out; if heavily root-bound, cutting the pot may be necessary. Once out of the pot, gently loosen the root ball to expose the dense network of roots and identify natural divisions. Foxtail ferns have robust, water-storing tuberous roots, which can make the root ball dense.
Use a clean, sharp knife or pruners to cut through the rhizomes and root mass. Ensure each new division has a healthy section of roots and foliage. Aim for clean cuts to minimize root system damage. Some root material may be lost, but the plant usually recovers well.
After dividing, repot each new section into an appropriately sized container with fresh, well-draining potting mix. Avoid excessively large pots, as too much soil can retain excess moisture, leading to root issues. Position the division at its previous growing depth. The remaining parent plant can be repotted into its original or a slightly smaller pot with fresh soil.
Post-Propagation Care
After division, immediate and ongoing care is important for the successful establishment of new foxtail ferns. Water each newly potted division thoroughly after repotting to settle the soil. Maintain consistent soil moisture, allowing the top two to three inches to dry out between waterings. Foxtail ferns store water in their tuberous roots, making them somewhat drought-tolerant; avoid overwatering to prevent root rot.
Place newly propagated plants in bright, indirect light. Direct sunlight can scorch foliage, especially on newly disturbed plants. If indoors, provide humidity by placing the pot on a pebble tray with water. Patience is needed, as new divisions may take time to show significant growth while establishing root systems.
Troubleshooting Propagation
Despite careful propagation, issues can arise as foxtail ferns adjust to their new environment. Wilting or drooping leaves are common signs of temporary transplant shock, indicating the plant is adjusting to root disturbance. To mitigate this, ensure consistent soil moisture and protect the plant from direct sun during initial recovery. Temporary shade can help reduce stress.
Slow growth after division is normal, as the plant prioritizes developing new roots before putting energy into foliage. Yellowing leaves can signal overwatering, underwatering, or insufficient light. Check soil moisture and light, adjusting as needed; foxtail ferns prefer well-drained soil and bright, indirect light. A lack of new growth also points to the need for proper light and water, along with time for recovery from division stress.