Crown of Thorns (Euphorbia milii) is a popular succulent. Propagating this plant is a rewarding way to create new specimens or revitalize existing ones, producing genetically identical copies of the parent plant.
Preparing for Crown of Thorns Propagation
Late spring to early summer, during the plant’s active growth, is the most suitable time for propagation, offering optimal conditions for root establishment. Gathering tools beforehand streamlines the process.
You will need sharp, sterile pruning shears or a knife, a well-draining succulent or cactus potting mix, small pots, and rooting hormone powder. Protective gear, including gloves and eye protection, is necessary as the milky sap can cause skin irritation or eye damage. Ensure good ventilation.
Propagating Crown of Thorns from Cuttings
Taking Stem Cuttings
Select healthy, non-flowering stems with new growth from the parent plant. Each cutting should be 4 to 6 inches long to support root development.
Make a clean cut just below a node, the swollen area where leaves emerge. Use sterile tools to prevent pathogen introduction. Remove lower leaves from the bottom 2 inches of the cutting to expose the stem.
Drying Cuttings
Allow the cut end to dry and form a callus. This prevents rot, as the raw surface is susceptible to fungal infections. Place cuttings in a dry, shaded area with good air circulation.
Callusing takes several days to a week, depending on humidity and stem thickness. The cut end will appear dry and sealed when ready. Rushing this period can lead to rooting failure.
Planting Cuttings
Once cuttings have callused, prepare the potting mix. Fill small pots with a well-draining succulent or cactus mix, which provides ideal aeration and drainage for root development.
Optionally, dip the callused end into rooting hormone powder. Create a small hole in the center of the mix and insert the cutting 1 to 2 inches deep. Gently firm the soil around the base for stability.
Aftercare for Rooting Cuttings
After planting, wait a few days before lightly watering. This delay allows abrasions to dry, reducing rot risk. Overwatering is detrimental, as cuttings lack roots to absorb excess moisture.
Place potted cuttings in bright, indirect light, away from direct sun that can scorch new growth. Maintain 70-80°F (21-27°C) for root development. Check for root formation by gently tugging; resistance indicates roots, typically within weeks to a couple of months. New leaf growth is another sign of successful rooting.
Ensuring Success and Addressing Challenges
Consistent warmth and indirect light encourage root development. Avoid overwatering; allow soil to dry between light waterings, as this is a common cause of failure.
If cuttings fail to root or rot, it often indicates insufficient callusing or excessive moisture. Ensure the cut end is dry before planting and use porous soil. Slow growth may need warmer temperatures or more consistent, bright indirect light. Once new growth is evident and the plant shows resistance when tugged, transition it to a larger pot. Begin a regular watering schedule and consider diluted liquid fertilizer.