Coral Bells (Heuchera) are perennial plants known for their richly colored foliage, providing year-round interest in shaded gardens. Over time, these plants form dense crowns that become woody and “leggy,” reducing their vigor. Propagation rejuvenates the parent plant and ensures continued health. The two most reliable methods are division and basal cuttings, both producing genetically identical clones.
Optimal Timing and Preparation
The most favorable times for propagating Heuchera are in early spring as new growth begins or in early fall, about four to six weeks before the first hard frost. Cooler temperatures and consistent moisture reduce transplant shock, allowing plants to establish new root systems without summer heat stress. Gather the necessary tools: a sharp spade or fork, a sterile cutting tool, containers, and a well-draining potting medium. Rooting hormone powder is also beneficial for the cutting process.
The Primary Method Division
Division is the most common and effective technique for Coral Bells, especially for older clumps with a woody, raised center. Start by carefully digging up the entire plant clump, lifting the root ball with surrounding soil. Gently wash the soil away from the roots and crown to expose the plant’s structure. This helps identify individual rosettes and the woody, non-productive center.
Use a sterile, sharp knife or shears to separate the healthy, vigorous outer sections of the crown. Each division must contain a healthy rosette of leaves and a substantial root mass for successful re-establishment. Discard the central, older core of the plant, which is woody and lacks healthy growth buds. The remaining young divisions are then ready for immediate replanting.
Propagating Using Basal Cuttings
Basal cuttings offer an excellent alternative when a mature clump is unavailable or when producing many smaller plants. A basal cutting is a small rosette taken from the base of the plant, near the soil line. Select a healthy rosette and cut the stem cleanly one to two inches below the foliage cluster. Including a small piece of the main stem, called a heel, aids in root formation as it contains concentrated meristematic tissue.
Remove the lowest leaves to prevent rotting, leaving only two or three small leaves at the top for photosynthesis. Dip the cut end into powdered rooting hormone to stimulate root development. Insert the treated cutting into a sterile, porous medium, such as a mix of perlite and peat moss, ensuring the stem is firmly supported. Placing the potted cuttings in a plastic dome or bag maintains high humidity, which is ideal for new root emergence.
Establishing New Plants
After propagation, providing the correct environment is necessary for the new plants to establish. Immediately water the newly potted divisions or cuttings thoroughly to settle the soil and eliminate air pockets. Place them in a location that receives bright, indirect light or dappled shade, avoiding intense afternoon sun that can scorch the foliage. New divisions should be planted with the crown slightly above the soil line to prevent rot.
Maintain consistent moisture, keeping the medium damp but never waterlogged, which commonly causes failure in Heuchera. New root growth will signal successful establishment within a few weeks. Do not apply fertilizer until new, active leaf growth appears, indicating the root system is functional. Rooted basal cuttings should remain in their pots until the root ball is robust enough for transplanting into the garden bed.