Propagating a money tree succulent is a straightforward process that allows enthusiasts to easily multiply their collection. The term “money tree succulent” typically refers to two common species: the Jade Plant (Crassula ovata) and the Elephant Bush (Portulacaria afra). Both of these succulent types share a similar, highly successful method of propagation using cuttings. By following a few specific steps, you can encourage new growth and establish entirely new plants from a small piece of the parent specimen.
Selecting the Best Cutting
Successful propagation uses two primary methods: stem cuttings or individual leaf cuttings. Stem cuttings generally produce a new plant much faster. For a stem cutting, select a healthy, turgid piece from the plant’s active growth area, ensuring it is at least two to four inches long. Use a sharp, sterilized blade or clean scissors to make a clean cut, minimizing the risk of introducing pathogens.
After cutting, gently remove the lower leaves from the stem, leaving an exposed section of one to two inches for planting. This exposed area is where new roots will emerge. If opting for leaf propagation, twist a plump, mature leaf gently from the main stem. Ensure the entire leaf base remains intact, as a clean break is important for the new plantlet to form.
The Crucial Callusing Period
The cutting must undergo a callusing period before being placed in the soil to prevent rot. This process allows the open wound on the stem or leaf base to dry out and form a protective seal, similar to a scab. Since succulents store large amounts of water, planting a fresh cutting directly into moist soil creates an entry point for bacteria and fungi.
To callus the cutting, place it in a dry location with good air circulation and indirect light, avoiding direct sun. The drying period typically lasts two to seven days, depending on the cutting’s thickness and environmental humidity. The cutting is ready when the raw end has completely dried and formed a firm, sealed, and often slightly discolored layer. This protective layer is necessary to initiate root formation.
Planting and Establishing the New Plant
Once callused, the cutting is ready for planting. Use a well-draining succulent or cactus mix to prevent water retention around the new roots. You can create a suitable mixture by amending standard potting soil with materials like perlite or coarse sand to increase drainage and aeration.
For stem cuttings, plant the callused end one to two inches deep into the dry soil, firming the medium around the base for stability. Leaf cuttings are placed on top of the soil surface or angled slightly with the callused tip barely below the soil line. The soil must remain completely dry for the first week or two after planting.
Place the newly potted cutting in an area that receives bright, indirect light, as direct sun can scorch the unrooted plant. After two to three weeks, check for rooting by gently tugging the stem or leaf. Resistance indicates that new roots have formed. At this point, begin watering lightly, allowing the soil to dry out completely between waterings to encourage further root development.