The Fishbone Cactus (Epiphyllum anguliger) is a tropical epiphyte native to the rainforests of Mexico, prized for its unique, zig-zagging stems that resemble a fish skeleton. Unlike desert cacti, it naturally grows on trees rather than in soil. Propagation via stem cuttings is a straightforward method for creating new plants, as the plant readily produces roots from its stem tissue.
Selecting and Preparing Cuttings
Propagation begins by choosing healthy, mature stem segments from the parent plant. Select a firm, vibrant green piece of stem, avoiding the newest, soft growth, that is free of blemishes or disease. The ideal cutting length is typically between four and six inches to ensure sufficient energy reserves for root development.
Use sterilized, sharp scissors or pruning shears to make a clean cut. Sterilizing the tool prevents the transfer of pathogens. After cutting, mark the bottom end of the segment, as the cutting must be planted right-side up for successful root emergence.
The Essential Step of Curing
The cutting cannot be immediately placed into the rooting medium, as this significantly increases the risk of rot. The cut end must first be allowed to cure by letting the wound dry out completely. This drying process encourages the formation of a callus, a physical barrier over the exposed tissue.
This calloused layer functions as a protective seal against pathogens and moisture loss. Place the fresh cuttings in a dry location away from direct sunlight. Curing generally takes between three and seven days, depending on environmental humidity. A visible, dry, scab-like layer at the base confirms the cutting is ready for planting.
Choosing the Right Rooting Medium
The Fishbone Cactus, as an epiphyte, requires a rooting medium that mimics its natural environment by providing exceptional drainage and aeration. A standard potting mix is too dense and retains too much water, which will likely cause the cutting to rot. A suitable substrate should be chunky and porous.
A successful mix combines standard succulent or cactus soil with amendments like perlite, orchid bark, or pumice in roughly equal parts. This blend ensures the necessary air pockets and rapid drainage. When planting the calloused cutting, insert only the bottom quarter to half-inch into the moistened medium, ensuring the callused edge is just barely covered. Do not bury the stem deeply, as this can encourage rot above the developing root zone.
Post-Planting Care for Successful Rooting
Once the cutting is situated in the appropriate medium, the initial aftercare regimen focuses on preventing rot while encouraging root formation. For the first week or two, withhold watering completely, allowing the cutting time to acclimate and begin the rooting process. The newly planted cutting should be placed in a location that receives bright, indirect light, which provides the energy needed for growth without scorching the stem.
The ideal rooting temperature range is between 60°F and 75°F. After the initial dry period, begin watering the soil sparingly, allowing the top layer to dry out between applications to keep the environment slightly moist. Roots are typically established within a few weeks to a month.
The surest sign of success is the appearance of new, thin, rounded growth emerging from the zig-zag stem. Once this new growth is visible, or if the cutting offers slight resistance when gently tugged, transition to a more regular watering schedule appropriate for an established Fishbone Cactus.