Foot surgery addresses various conditions, from bunions and hammertoes to complex fractures and chronic pain. Proper preparation is paramount for a safe procedure and a smooth recovery. This guide details the necessary steps you can take to ensure you are fully ready for the process and can focus solely on healing once the surgery is complete.
Clinical Requirements Before Surgery
The surgical team requires a thorough medical evaluation to confirm your fitness for anesthesia and the procedure. This often involves obtaining medical clearance from your primary care provider or a specialist, such as a cardiologist, typically within 30 days before the surgery date. Clearance usually includes pre-operative testing, such as blood work, a chest X-ray, and an electrocardiogram (EKG), depending on your age and existing health conditions.
Managing medications is a strict requirement, especially those affecting blood clotting. You must stop taking non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) like ibuprofen and naproxen, as well as aspirin, usually seven to ten days before the operation. Certain supplements, including fish oil, garlic, and Omega-3 fatty acids, must also be discontinued in the week prior due to their blood-thinning effects. Inform your surgical and anesthesia teams of all medications and supplements you take, as some chronic medications may need adjustment or pausing.
You may be instructed to follow specific hygiene protocols to reduce the risk of infection. This often involves using a special antiseptic soap, such as chlorhexidine gluconate (CHG), on the surgical limb for several days before the operation. This process helps lower the concentration of bacteria on the skin surface, minimizing post-operative complications.
Setting Up Your Home for Recovery
Foot surgery often requires a significant period of non-weight-bearing, making home preparation necessary. Secure and practice using mobility aids, such as a knee scooter, crutches, or a walker, which are needed immediately upon discharge. Work with your surgeon to determine the appropriate aid and ensure it is properly fitted before the surgery date.
The home environment must be modified to eliminate tripping hazards, as navigating on crutches or a scooter increases the risk of a fall. Remove all throw rugs, loose wires, and clutter from pathways, ensuring a wide and clear route between your main recovery area, the bathroom, and the kitchen. If you have stairs, creating a “home base” on the main floor is highly recommended to minimize difficult navigation.
Set up your recovery station with a comfortable, elevated seat, such as a recliner, where you can keep your foot elevated above the level of your heart to manage swelling. Stock this area with everything you will need within arm’s reach:
- Medications
- Remote controls
- Charged electronic devices
- A water bottle
Prepare the bathroom by installing a shower chair or bench and ensuring toiletries are easily accessible. Arrange for a designated support person to assist with errands and daily tasks, and pre-prepare and freeze meals.
The Final 24 Hours: Day-Of Checklist
The night before surgery, strictly adhere to the fasting instructions provided by the surgical center: consume no food or drink after midnight. This rule includes water, chewing gum, and hard candy, as having anything in the stomach poses a serious risk during anesthesia and will lead to cancellation. Confirm with your doctor if you are instructed to take certain morning medications with a small sip of water.
Final preparation includes adhering to strict personal hygiene and dressing guidelines. Remove all nail polish, makeup, jewelry, and body piercings, as these can interfere with monitoring equipment. Wear loose, comfortable clothing that can easily fit over the bulky post-operative dressing or splint on your foot.
Before leaving, confirm your exact arrival time and location, and ensure you have all necessary documentation packed, including photo identification and insurance cards. A responsible adult must drive you home and remain with you for the first 24 hours after discharge, as you will not be allowed to drive yourself. Bring your prescribed assistive devices, such as crutches or your post-operative shoe, as you will need them immediately.