Labor induction is a medical procedure used to artificially start uterine contractions before labor begins on its own. While most pregnancies reach full term (39 to 40 weeks), an induction at 37 weeks is considered early term. Healthcare providers recommend this timing only when continuing the pregnancy poses a greater risk to the health of the mother or the baby than an early delivery. Understanding the reasons for this timing, the physical preparations needed, and the hospital process helps expectant parents feel more prepared.
Medical Rationale for Early Induction
Induction at 37 weeks is based on specific medical indications where the pregnancy environment is no longer optimal for the baby. Early term induction often involves maternal health issues, such as preeclampsia, characterized by high blood pressure and signs of organ damage. This condition can rapidly worsen, making immediate delivery the safest option for both mother and fetus.
Other indications relate to concerns about the baby’s well-being within the womb. These include fetal growth restriction (FGR), where the baby is not growing as expected, or oligohydramnios, a reduced amount of amniotic fluid. Monitoring suggests the infant will fare better outside the uterus under neonatal care. Additionally, if membranes rupture prematurely at or after 37 weeks without contractions following soon after, induction may be initiated to reduce the risk of infection (chorioamnionitis).
Immediate Physical Preparation
Physical preparedness in the days leading up to your induction can significantly impact your experience. Prioritizing rest is important, so focus on getting substantial sleep the night before your scheduled hospital admission. Deep rest helps conserve energy for the work of labor ahead.
Hydration and nutrition are also important factors to manage before arriving at the hospital. Ensure you are drinking plenty of water and other clear fluids, and consume a nutritious, substantial meal before heading in. Many induction protocols restrict food intake to clear liquids once admitted. Confirm with your care team whether you should take any routine medications the day of the induction, as guidelines vary depending on the specific induction agents planned.
Navigating the Hospital Induction Process
The hospital induction process often starts with a comprehensive evaluation of the cervix, typically using the Bishop score, which assesses its readiness for labor. Since the cervix at 37 weeks is often “unfavorable” or not yet ripened, the first phase of induction focuses on cervical ripening to soften and thin the cervix. This initial phase can take the longest, sometimes lasting 12 to 24 hours or even longer.
Cervical ripening is commonly achieved using pharmacological agents or mechanical devices. Pharmacological methods involve administering prostaglandins, such as misoprostol or dinoprostone, which are inserted vaginally or given orally to help the cervix relax and prepare for dilation. Alternatively, a mechanical method like a Foley bulb catheter may be used, where a small balloon is inserted into the cervix and inflated with saline to create physical pressure, encouraging dilation. The device is often left in place until it falls out, indicating the cervix has reached a certain dilation.
Once the cervix is adequately ripened, labor is augmented using intravenous Pitocin (synthetic oxytocin) to stimulate uterine contractions. This hormone is delivered through an IV and gradually increased until contractions become strong, frequent, and effective enough to cause progressive cervical dilation. An amniotomy, or artificially rupturing the membranes with a small hook, may also be performed once the cervix is dilated enough and the baby’s head is low in the pelvis. This combination of methods works to mimic the natural progression of labor, though it can often lead to more intense contractions compared to spontaneous labor.
Logistical and Mental Readiness
Preparing logistically for an early term induction means planning for a potentially extended hospital stay, as the process can take multiple days, especially with an unfavorable cervix. Pack a “go bag” that accounts for this longer duration, including comfort items, entertainment, and extra snacks for any support person. If you have older children, arrange for flexible and reliable childcare that can cover the unpredictable timeline of a hospital induction.
Mental preparation involves accepting that induction is a different experience than spontaneous labor and setting realistic expectations. Induced labor can sometimes feel more intense; knowing this helps you prepare emotionally and discuss pain management options with your medical team. Focus on techniques like deep breathing, meditation, or visualization to help manage anxiety and stay calm throughout the process.