Breast pumping relies heavily on the equipment used, particularly the flange (or breast shield). This funnel-shaped part fits over the nipple and areola, creating the seal necessary for vacuum suction. Comfort and the volume of milk collected are directly linked to using a correctly sized flange. Finding the right size requires accurate self-measurement for efficient and pain-free pumping.
The Importance of Correct Flange Sizing
The size of the breast pump flange impacts both milk removal efficiency and physical comfort. If the flange is too small, the nipple rubs against the tunnel sides during the pumping cycle, causing pain, friction, and nipple trauma such as blistering or chafing. This friction can also lead to swelling, discoloration, or constriction, impeding the flow of milk from the ducts and resulting in a poor output.
If the flange is too large, excessive areola tissue is pulled into the tunnel along with the nipple. This action can cause swelling of the surrounding breast tissue and decrease the pump’s vacuum seal effectiveness, reducing the amount of milk extracted. Incorrect sizing, whether too large or too small, prevents the breast from being fully drained. This can potentially lead to complications like blocked milk ducts or engorgement. A proper fit centers the nipple and allows it to move freely, optimizing milk flow and preventing tissue damage.
Step-by-Step Guide to Nipple Measurement
The measurement should focus only on the base of the nipple, excluding the surrounding areola tissue. Measure when the breast is relaxed and not engorged, typically before a pumping session. Gentle stimulation beforehand can help project the nipple slightly for better access.
Flange sizes are standardized in millimeters (mm), so use a flexible measuring tape, metric ruler, or specialized printable sizing tool. Place the tool across the diameter of the nipple at its base, where it meets the areola. Ensure you measure the widest part horizontally, avoiding the tip, which would result in an undersized measurement.
Record the measurement in millimeters, since even a single millimeter affects fit and comfort. It is important to measure both nipples separately, as the diameter often varies between breasts, meaning two different flange sizes may be necessary. This initial measurement provides the true resting diameter, which is the baseline for selecting a flange.
Translating Measurement into Flange Size
The measured nipple diameter is not the final flange size. Extra space is required to allow for nipple movement and expansion during pumping. Most manufacturers recommend adding an additional 2 to 4 millimeters to the measured diameter to account for this necessary space.
The flange size is the internal diameter of the tunnel and must comfortably accommodate the nipple without pulling in the areola. Consult the specific sizing charts provided by the pump manufacturer, as slight variations exist in how different brands size their flanges. Since nipples can fluctuate in size throughout the day or over the course of the pumping journey, the necessary flange size may change over time, requiring re-measurement.
Recognizing Signs of Incorrect Flange Fit
Even with careful measurement, the ultimate test for fit is observing the nipple during a pumping session. If the flange is too small, the nipple rubs against the tunnel sides, causing pain or leaving the nipple compressed or blanched (white) afterward. Inefficient milk removal is indicated if the breast feels full or inadequately drained.
If the flange is too large, a large portion of the areola is pulled into the tunnel. This excessive tissue movement can lead to a visible red ring forming around the base of the nipple after pumping. The breast movement should be gentle and rhythmic; aggressive pulling or frequent suction seal breaks suggest the flange size is incorrect.