Measuring a bear skull is central to wildlife management, research, and record-keeping. This process provides accurate data on individual animals, contributing to population health and trophy quality. Careful measurement ensures consistency across records.
Essential Tools for Measurement
Accurate bear skull measurement relies on having the right equipment. The primary tool is a set of large outside calipers, at least 18 inches in size, for spanning skull dimensions. A flexible measuring tape, marked to at least 1/16th of an inch, is also necessary for reading the caliper’s span. A pencil and paper are useful for recording measurements.
Key Skull Measurement Points
Bear skull measurement focuses on two primary dimensions: greatest length and greatest width. The greatest length is measured from the farthest posterior point of the skull (typically the occipital bone) to the most anterior point of the upper jaw or teeth. This measurement excludes the lower jaw. The greatest width is measured across the broadest part of the skull, usually the outside edges of the zygomatic arches (cheekbones). These points offer consistent anatomical landmarks for standardized measurement. Unlike antlered animals, bear skulls require only these two measurements for scoring.
Step-by-Step Measurement Process
Before beginning, ensure the bear skull is thoroughly cleaned and dried. Official scoring organizations require skulls to be air-dried for a minimum of 60 days, with all flesh, membranes, and cartilage removed. This drying period stabilizes the bone and prevents shrinkage.
To measure the greatest length, position one caliper jaw at the skull’s very back (occipital bone). Extend the other jaw to the most forward point of the premaxilla or teeth, ensuring the measurement is along the skull’s longitudinal axis. The lower jaw is not included in this measurement. Once the calipers are set, remove them without altering their spread.
For the greatest width, place the caliper jaws on the outermost points of the zygomatic arches (cheekbones). Ensure the measurement is perpendicular to the skull’s longitudinal axis. Apply consistent, gentle pressure to achieve the widest possible span without damaging the skull.
After setting the calipers for both measurements, use the measuring tape to read the distance between the caliper tips to the nearest 1/16th of an inch.
Understanding Official Scoring
Once the greatest length and greatest width measurements are obtained, they are typically added together to determine the total score for the bear skull. This sum, expressed in inches and 16ths of an inch, forms the basis for ranking within various record-keeping organizations. For instance, organizations like the Boone and Crockett Club and Safari Club International (SCI) utilize this combined measurement for their record books.
While the measurement process is largely consistent across major organizations, some minor variations may exist, such as whether the lower jaw is included in certain SCI measurements if it increases the score. These scoring systems maintain detailed records of big game animals, contributing to conservation efforts by highlighting areas that produce healthy, large specimens.