The body naturally forms scar tissue as part of its healing response following surgery to repair damaged skin and close wounds. While essential for recovery, scar tissue can become thick, tight, or sensitive, affecting appearance and function. Scar massage is a common post-operative technique that helps manage scar formation and promote favorable healing.
Benefits of Scar Massage
Regular scar massage offers several positive outcomes for surgical scars. It improves the scar’s appearance by helping it become flatter and softer, as massage aids in reorganizing collagen fibers. This technique also increases flexibility and range of motion, particularly when the scar is near a joint or restricts movement. Additionally, scar massage may reduce pain, discomfort, and itching by desensitizing nerve endings. By applying mechanical forces, massage increases blood flow, supporting healing and tissue regeneration.
Timing Your Scar Massage
Wait until the surgical incision is completely healed before beginning scar massage. This means the wound is fully closed, dry, and free from scabs, staples, or stitches. Starting too early can disrupt healing or lead to infection. While timing varies by procedure and individual healing, scar massage is generally safe to begin around 2 to 6 weeks post-operation. Always seek clearance from your surgeon or physical therapist first.
Step-by-Step Scar Massage Techniques
Ensure hands are clean before starting. You may use a small amount of non-scented moisturizer, lotion, or oil, though some advise against it to ensure enough friction to move the skin, not just glide. Begin with gentle pressure, gradually increasing it as tolerated. Ensure pressure is firm enough to move the skin and underlying tissue, not just rub the surface. The skin under your fingers should blanch or turn white, indicating sufficient pressure.
Perform massage in various directions: circular motions, up-and-down along the scar, and side-to-side or perpendicular across the scar line. Using the pads of your thumb or fingers, apply pressure and move the skin in small circles over and around the scar. For cross-friction, move fingers perpendicular to the scar to break down adhesions. Each session should last 5 to 10 minutes, performed 2 to 3 times daily. Mild discomfort is normal, but massage should never cause sharp pain; if pain occurs, reduce pressure or duration.
Safety and When to Seek Professional Advice
Scar massage should be avoided in specific situations. Do not massage an open wound, if there is drainage, pus, or signs of infection. Signs of a surgical site infection include:
- Increased redness that spreads beyond the incision
- Excessive warmth
- Swelling
- Pus or discharge that is thick or has a bad odor
- Increased pain
- Fever
If you notice any of these symptoms, stop massaging and contact your doctor immediately.
Scar tissue can adhere to underlying structures, limiting movement or causing discomfort. For complex scars, those limiting range of motion, or if unsure about the technique, consult a physical or occupational therapist. These professionals provide personalized guidance and advanced techniques to manage scar tissue effectively.