Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, or DHEAS, is a steroid hormone primarily produced by the adrenal glands, two small glands situated above the kidneys. Small amounts are also made in the testes and ovaries. DHEAS serves as a precursor, meaning it can be converted into other potent hormones in the body, including androgens like testosterone and estrogens. Elevated levels can signal underlying health imbalances. This article explores the reasons and approaches to address them.
Why Elevated DHEA Sulfate is a Concern
Elevated DHEAS levels can lead to several noticeable physical changes, particularly in women. Individuals may experience an increase in facial and body hair growth, a condition known as hirsutism. Acne breakouts and oily skin are also common manifestations, as are changes in hair, such as thinning hair on the scalp or male-pattern baldness. Women might also notice menstrual irregularities, including missed periods or difficulty conceiving.
High DHEAS levels can point to specific health conditions. Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS), a common hormonal disorder, is frequently associated with elevated DHEAS. Other potential causes include congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH), an inherited disorder where the adrenal glands produce too many male sex hormones, or, in some instances, adrenal tumors, which can be benign or cancerous.
Prescription Treatments for High DHEA Sulfate
Addressing elevated DHEAS levels often involves medical interventions that target the underlying cause. For women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS), healthcare providers may prescribe oral contraceptives, which can help suppress ovarian and adrenal androgen production. Anti-androgen medications, such as spironolactone, are also used to block the effects of androgens at the receptor level, reducing symptoms like excessive hair growth and acne. Additionally, metformin, a medication that improves insulin sensitivity, can indirectly help lower DHEAS levels in individuals with insulin resistance, a common feature of PCOS.
In cases of congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH), treatment typically involves the use of corticosteroids like hydrocortisone or dexamethasone. These medications work to suppress the overproduction of hormones by the adrenal glands, thereby reducing DHEAS levels. If an adrenal tumor is identified as the source of high DHEAS, surgical removal of the tumor is often the recommended course of action. The specific medical approach is tailored to the individual’s diagnosis and symptoms, requiring close monitoring.
Diet, Lifestyle, and Complementary Approaches
Beyond medical treatments, certain dietary and lifestyle adjustments can complement efforts to manage DHEAS levels. A balanced diet of whole foods, lean proteins, and healthy fats can support hormone regulation. Managing insulin resistance through a low-glycemic diet is beneficial, as insulin imbalances can influence androgen production. Reducing the intake of processed foods and refined sugars is generally advised.
Specific foods and beverages may also offer support. Green tea and spearmint tea contain compounds that can modulate hormone production or exhibit anti-androgen effects. Incorporating flaxseeds and nuts, rich in healthy fats and fiber, may also contribute to hormone balance. Regular physical activity can help reduce stress and support healthy hormone levels.
Stress management techniques are important, as chronic stress can trigger excess hormone production. Practices such as mindfulness, deep breathing, and adequate sleep can help regulate the body’s stress response. While some supplements are discussed in relation to hormone balance, consult a healthcare provider before taking any due to potential interactions and varying evidence.
Importance of Professional Guidance
Consulting a healthcare professional is essential for elevated DHEAS levels. Self-diagnosis and self-treatment are not recommended, as symptoms can overlap with other conditions. A doctor can accurately diagnose the underlying cause through specific blood tests, which measure DHEAS and other hormone levels. Further diagnostic imaging may be necessary depending on the suspected cause. Based on evaluation, a personalized treatment plan can be developed. This information is for general understanding and should not replace professional medical advice.