The nasal septum is a wall of cartilage and bone that divides the inside of the nose into two separate nasal passages. This structure helps regulate airflow, humidify and warm inhaled air, and filter out particles before air reaches the lungs. This article aims to help identify potential signs of a septum infection.
Recognizing Key Signs and Symptoms
An infected nasal septum can present with various noticeable signs. Localized pain and tenderness around the nose, particularly when touched, are common indicators. This discomfort might feel like a persistent ache or throbbing sensation.
Swelling and redness on the outside of the nose or inside the affected nostril can also occur. The internal swelling can make breathing through the affected nostril difficult, leading to a feeling of congestion or blockage.
Discharge from the nose is another symptom, often appearing thick, discolored (yellow or green), and potentially foul-smelling. Fever may accompany these localized symptoms, indicating a more widespread immune response to the infection. In some cases, changes in the shape or feel of the nose, such as increased firmness or a visible bump, might develop due to underlying inflammation or fluid accumulation.
Common Causes of Septum Infection
Nasal septum infections often arise from situations that introduce bacteria or compromise the septum’s protective barriers. Trauma to the nose, such as a direct blow during an accident or even aggressive nose picking, can create breaks in the delicate mucosal lining. These breaches provide entry points for bacteria normally present on the skin or within the nasal cavity to establish an infection.
Complications from nasal piercings located on the septum can also be a source of infection if proper hygiene is not maintained during or after the piercing process. Similarly, recent nasal surgeries, while typically sterile, carry a small risk of post-operative infection, especially if the surgical site becomes contaminated. Foreign objects lodged in the nasal passage, particularly in children, can also lead to irritation and subsequent infection.
An infection can spread to the septum from adjacent areas. For instance, severe or chronic sinusitis, an inflammation of the sinus cavities, might extend to involve the nasal septum due to its close anatomical proximity. Any condition that compromises the integrity of the nasal lining or introduces pathogens can contribute to a septum infection.
When to Seek Medical Attention
Prompt medical evaluation is advisable if you suspect a nasal septum infection. Severe pain, which might indicate significant inflammation or abscess formation, is particularly important. Rapidly increasing swelling or redness around the nose also warrants immediate medical consultation, as these can indicate a quickly progressing infection.
A high fever accompanying nasal symptoms suggests a systemic response to the infection that requires professional assessment. Vision changes, although rare, are a serious symptom that necessitates emergency medical care, as infections in this area can potentially spread to structures near the eyes. If symptoms worsen despite home care or do not show improvement within a day or two, medical advice should be sought. Persistent discomfort, discharge, or breathing difficulties also warrant a visit for proper diagnosis and treatment.
What to Expect at the Doctor’s
When visiting a doctor for a suspected septum infection, the process typically begins with a detailed discussion of your symptoms and medical history. The doctor will likely ask about any recent nasal trauma, piercings, or surgeries to provide context for your current condition.
A physical examination will follow, focusing on the nose. The doctor will visually inspect the outside of your nose for signs of swelling or redness, and then use a small light and possibly a nasal speculum to look inside your nostrils. This allows for direct visualization of the nasal septum and the surrounding tissues to identify inflammation, discharge, or any structural changes.
Based on the examination findings, the doctor can often diagnose a septum infection. Treatment usually involves medication to address the infection, and in some cases, further steps might be discussed if fluid accumulation or a collection of pus is present.