Hernia mesh is a medical device used in hernia repair surgery to provide structural support to weakened tissue and prevent recurrence. While generally effective in reducing recurrence rates compared to suture-only repairs, complications can sometimes arise. Understanding potential signs that something might be wrong with the implanted mesh can help individuals seek timely medical evaluation.
Common Indicators of Mesh Complications
Chronic or worsening pain around the repair site is a frequent indicator, which can be localized or spread to other areas such as the groin, leg, or abdomen. This discomfort might range from mild to debilitating, sometimes presenting as a burning sensation. Swelling, tenderness, or a noticeable lump near the surgical area can also occur. These bulges might result from mesh dislodgement, migration, or even a hernia recurrence.
Discomfort or pain during movement, straining, or physical activity is another common complaint. Some individuals report a feeling of pulling, tugging, or a foreign body sensation within the abdomen. Changes in bowel habits, such as constipation or diarrhea, or urinary issues like increased frequency or painful urination, can signal problems if the mesh is located near these organs. Redness or warmth at the incision site, or around the mesh area, may also be observed. Pain during sexual intercourse, particularly for those with inguinal hernia repairs, has also been reported.
Serious Symptoms Requiring Urgent Attention
Sudden, severe, or escalating pain that is not relieved by typical pain management warrants urgent attention. The presence of a high fever, chills, or other flu-like symptoms suggests a systemic infection. A significant abdominal distension accompanied by persistent nausea or vomiting could indicate a bowel obstruction. An inability to pass gas or have a bowel movement further supports the possibility of an intestinal blockage, which is a medical emergency.
Persistent bleeding or discharge from the surgical site, or the development of a new fistula, are serious signs. Fistulas are abnormal connections between organs or to the skin. Sudden, large swelling or discoloration around the surgical area also necessitates prompt medical assessment. These symptoms can arise from complications such as mesh migration, erosion into organs, or severe infection, and immediate medical intervention may be necessary.
Medical Diagnosis and Confirmation
A thorough physical examination is typically the first step, where the doctor assesses the surgical site for tenderness, swelling, or abnormalities. A detailed review of the patient’s medical history and the specific symptoms they report helps guide the diagnostic process. Imaging tests are frequently employed to visualize the mesh and surrounding tissues.
Computed tomography (CT) scans are often used, though the visibility of mesh on these scans can vary depending on the material and type. Ultrasound and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) may also be used to identify inflammation, fluid collections, mesh migration, or erosion into adjacent organs. In cases of suspected infection, blood tests are performed to check for markers of inflammation, such as elevated C-reactive protein (CRP) or white blood cell (WBC) counts. These diagnostic tools help medical professionals confirm a diagnosis and understand the nature and extent of any mesh-related issues.
What to Do If You Suspect Mesh Failure
If you experience symptoms that concern you following a hernia repair with mesh, it is important to contact your surgeon or primary care physician promptly. Providing a detailed account of your symptoms, including when they started, how long they have lasted, and their severity, can assist your doctor in their assessment. Avoid self-diagnosing or delaying medical consultation, as some complications can worsen without timely intervention.
A healthcare professional will evaluate your symptoms and determine the appropriate diagnostic steps. They will then discuss potential treatment options, which can vary widely based on the specific complication and its severity. The management plan will be tailored to your individual circumstances and the findings from the medical assessment.