Compression stockings are therapeutic garments worn to support circulation, reduce the risk of deep vein thrombosis, and manage symptoms like swelling and varicose veins. They apply graduated pressure, strongest at the ankle and decreasing up the leg, to assist blood flow back toward the heart. When a stocking slides down or rolls at the top, it can create a tourniquet effect, which undermines its medical purpose and causes discomfort. Addressing slippage involves a combination of correct sizing, careful application, and proper maintenance.
Ensuring Proper Fit and Sizing
The foundation for a secure fit lies in accurate measurements, which are typically taken first thing in the morning when the legs are least swollen. Swelling that develops later in the day can temporarily distort the true size of the limb. Measurements should be taken directly on bare skin using a flexible tape measure, focusing on the narrowest part of the ankle and the widest part of the calf. For thigh-high styles, the circumference of the widest part of the thigh and the length from the heel to that point are also necessary.
A stocking that is too large will fail to provide the necessary therapeutic compression and will slip down the leg or bunch up immediately. Conversely, a stocking that is too small may create an uncomfortable, restrictive band at the top, which can cause it to roll down from excessive tension. If a person experiences significant changes in weight or swelling, the garment may no longer fit correctly, necessitating a re-measurement. Consulting the manufacturer’s specific sizing chart is important, as sizing can vary between brands.
Application Techniques to Prevent Rolling
The way a compression stocking is put on is just as important as its size in preventing it from rolling down throughout the day. Stockings should be turned inside out, usually up to the heel pocket, before the foot is inserted. This technique allows the stocking to be unrolled smoothly up the leg rather than being pulled or stretched unevenly from the top.
Attempting to roll the top band down after it is in place to adjust the length is a common mistake, as this can damage the elasticity needed for grip. Instead, the stocking should be worked up the leg gradually, ensuring the material is spread evenly and all wrinkles are smoothed out from the ankle to the top band. Specialized donning aids, such as slippery nylon socks or metal frames, can reduce the friction and force required to pull the stocking up, especially for higher compression levels or individuals with limited mobility. Using rubber gloves during application can also provide a better grip, allowing for smoother distribution and preventing snags.
External Adhesives and Support Systems
When a properly fitted stocking still requires additional security, external methods can be employed to maintain its position. Many thigh-high compression stockings come equipped with a built-in silicone top band, which uses small, tacky nodules to adhere gently to the skin. This silicone relies on friction and clean contact to stay up and is an effective solution for most users.
For stockings without silicone, medical-grade roll-on body adhesives are available. These hypoallergenic liquids are applied directly to the skin where the top band rests, creating a flexible, gentle bond. These adhesives are water-soluble and ensure they do not stain the garment. Another non-adhesive option, particularly useful for thigh-high styles, is a garter or suspender belt system. This provides mechanical support by clipping onto the top of the stocking, offering a reliable alternative that does not rely on skin tackiness or topical products.
Garment Maintenance and Skin Preparation
The lifespan and gripping ability of a compression stocking are closely tied to how it is maintained and how the skin is prepared before wearing. Daily washing is recommended to remove body oils, sweat, and dead skin cells, which can accumulate on the fabric and degrade the elastic fibers. Harsh chemicals like bleach, fabric softeners, and strong detergents must be avoided, as they can break down the garment’s elasticity.
For stockings with silicone bands, residues from skin products can interfere with the band’s ability to grip the skin. Avoid applying heavy lotions, oils, or powders to the area where the top band will sit, as these substances create a slippery surface and leave residue on the silicone. If the silicone band loses tackiness despite regular washing, it can be gently cleaned with a cotton ball dampened with rubbing alcohol to remove stubborn residue and restore its grip. Over time, typically within four to six months of daily use, the elastic fibers will lose their therapeutic strength and the stockings should be replaced.