Sore gums from dentures are a common experience. This discomfort often manifests as irritation, tenderness, or redness in the soft tissues of the mouth. While initial adjustments to new dentures can cause some soreness, persistent or severe pain indicates an underlying issue. Understanding how to address these symptoms and implement preventive measures can significantly improve comfort and oral health for denture wearers.
Immediate Comfort Measures
When gums become sore from dentures, several immediate steps can provide temporary relief. Allowing the gums to rest by temporarily removing the dentures is a helpful first action, especially if the pain is acute. Rinsing the mouth with a warm saltwater solution can soothe irritated tissues and help reduce inflammation. To prepare, dissolve about half to one teaspoon of salt in a glass of warm water and swish it gently around the mouth for 15 to 30 seconds before spitting it out. This can be repeated several times a day.
Over-the-counter pain relievers, such as ibuprofen or acetaminophen, can reduce pain and inflammation. Topical gels with benzocaine offer localized numbing for immediate, temporary relief on sore spots. During soreness, opting for soft foods like yogurt, mashed potatoes, or soups can prevent further irritation. Applying a cold compress to the face can also help reduce swelling and provide a numbing effect.
Identifying Why Gums Are Sore
Understanding the cause of denture-related gum soreness is key to lasting relief. A frequent reason for discomfort is ill-fitting dentures, leading to friction and pressure points on the gums. New dentures often require an adjustment period, but older dentures can also become ill-fitting as the jawbone naturally changes shape and recedes over time.
Poor denture cleaning habits allow food particles, bacteria, and fungi to accumulate on the denture surface. This buildup can irritate the gums and contribute to infections like denture stomatitis, a common fungal infection. Wearing dentures for extended periods without giving the gums a break, particularly overnight, can lead to constant pressure, preventing the tissues from recovering and increasing soreness. Additionally, certain health conditions like diabetes, specific medications, or, rarely, an allergy to denture materials can contribute to gum sensitivity and soreness.
Denture Care for Healing and Prevention
Effective denture care is crucial for healing existing gum soreness and preventing recurrence. Meticulous daily cleaning removes plaque, bacteria, and food debris that can irritate gums and lead to infection. Brush all denture surfaces with a soft-bristled denture brush and a non-abrasive denture cleaner or mild soap, not regular toothpaste, which can scratch the material. After brushing, soak dentures overnight in water or a denture-soaking solution to keep them moist and disinfected.
Maintaining oral hygiene for the gums is also important. After removing dentures, gently clean and massage the gums, tongue, and roof of the mouth with a soft toothbrush or a clean, damp cloth. This stimulates circulation and removes residual food particles or adhesive. Consistently removing dentures overnight allows gum tissues to rest from constant pressure, promoting healing and preventing irritation.
If dentures consistently feel loose or cause pain, professional adjustment or relining is necessary. Jawbone changes over time can alter the fit, making professional intervention essential to restore comfort and prevent further irritation. While gums are healing, avoid hard, sticky, or sharp foods that could exacerbate irritation, focusing instead on softer, easier-to-chew items.
When to See Your Dental Professional
While home remedies offer temporary relief, professional dental intervention is sometimes necessary. If persistent pain or discomfort continues despite home care, a dental evaluation is needed. Visible signs of infection, such as pus, fever, severe swelling, or spreading redness, require immediate professional attention.
Bleeding gums or sores not healing within a few days warrant a dentist visit. Difficulty eating or speaking due to ongoing pain suggests the denture issue is beyond self-management. If dentures break, crack, or become significantly loose, professional repair or adjustment is essential to prevent further problems. Regular dental check-ups are important to ensure dentures fit correctly and monitor overall oral health, addressing potential issues before they become severe.