A subconjunctival hemorrhage, often described as a “popped blood vessel in the eye,” occurs when a tiny blood vessel breaks just beneath the clear surface of the eye. This results in a bright red patch on the white part of the eye, which can appear alarming. Despite its dramatic appearance, this condition is typically harmless and generally resolves on its own.
Understanding the Eye Condition
A subconjunctival hemorrhage appears as a distinct bright red spot on the white part of the eye, the sclera. This happens when small blood vessels within the conjunctiva, the clear membrane covering the white of the eye, rupture. The leaked blood becomes trapped between the conjunctiva and the underlying sclera.
This condition typically does not cause pain or affect vision. Some individuals might experience a mild scratchy or gritty feeling, but there is usually no discharge. Since the blood is contained under the conjunctiva, it does not leak out and cannot be wiped away.
Typical Reasons for Occurrence
Subconjunctival hemorrhages often arise from common activities that temporarily increase pressure in the head or neck, such as forceful coughing, sneezing, vomiting, or straining during bowel movements. Minor eye trauma, like vigorous rubbing or incorrect contact lens insertion, can also cause a vessel to break. While many cases are spontaneous, systemic factors can contribute. High blood pressure and blood thinners can increase the likelihood of these occurrences. Diabetes and blood clotting disorders are also less common underlying factors that may increase risk.
Natural Healing and Recovery Timeline
The body naturally reabsorbs the blood, much like a bruise heals. No specific medical treatment is needed for a subconjunctival hemorrhage to resolve; it clears up on its own. The red patch will gradually fade and change color as the blood is reabsorbed, often turning yellowish or brownish before disappearing completely.
The healing timeline varies, but most resolve within one to three weeks. For mild irritation or dryness, artificial tears can provide comfort. Avoid rubbing the eye or applying pressure during healing. No medication or procedure can speed up this natural healing process.
When to Consult a Doctor
While subconjunctival hemorrhages are generally harmless, certain signs warrant medical consultation. Seek professional advice if you experience vision changes, such as blurriness or loss of sight, or persistent eye pain. Discharge from the eye also indicates a need for medical evaluation. A doctor’s visit is also appropriate if the redness spreads to the iris, if the hemorrhage is accompanied by other head or eye trauma, or if you experience recurrent hemorrhages without a clear cause. These situations may suggest a more serious underlying condition requiring diagnosis and management.