The Wax Leaf Ligustrum (Ligustrum japonicum ‘Texanum’) is a popular evergreen shrub or small tree. It is favored for its glossy, dark green leaves and dense growth, making it an excellent choice for hedges, privacy screens, or as a standalone ornamental plant. This species is hardy and adaptable, thriving in various environments, contributing to its widespread use in landscaping.
Planting Your Wax Leaf Ligustrum
The optimal time to plant Wax Leaf Ligustrum is during early spring or late fall, allowing roots to establish before extreme weather. Choose a site that receives full sun to partial shade, where it thrives. While adaptable to various soil types, well-draining soil is preferred, ideally slightly acidic to neutral pH.
To prepare for planting, dig a hole two to three times wider than the root ball and no deeper. Mixing organic matter like compost or peat moss into the removed soil enhances fertility and structure.
Carefully remove the plant from its container, gently loosening any tightly packed roots. Position the plant in the hole so the top of the root ball is at or slightly above ground level. Backfill with the amended soil, firming it around the root ball.
For hedges, space plants approximately 3 to 6 feet apart. After planting, water thoroughly to settle the soil. Apply a 2-inch layer of mulch around the base, keeping it a few inches away from the trunk, to conserve moisture and regulate soil temperature.
Routine Care for Wax Leaf Ligustrum
Watering Needs
Newly planted Wax Leaf Ligustrum requires consistent watering. During the first growing season, water deeply and regularly to encourage a strong root system. Check soil moisture frequently, especially in hot weather, and water when the top few inches of soil feel dry.
Once established, Wax Leaf Ligustrum becomes more drought-tolerant, requiring less frequent but deep watering during prolonged dry periods. Overwatering can lead to root rot, so allow the soil to dry out between waterings. Signs of under-watering include wilting leaves and bending stem tips, while yellowing leaves can indicate either overwatering or poor drainage.
Fertilization
Fertilizing Wax Leaf Ligustrum supports vigorous growth and plant health. Apply a balanced, slow-release granular fertilizer in early spring before new growth begins. A general-purpose fertilizer, such as a 10-10-10 NPK mix, is suitable.
Established plants require less frequent fertilization, typically two to three times during the growing season. Avoid over-fertilizing, as this can encourage excessive foliage growth at the expense of flowering. Cease fertilization approximately two months before the average first frost date in your region to prevent stimulating new growth that could be damaged by cold.
Pruning Techniques
Pruning Wax Leaf Ligustrum helps maintain its desired shape, control its size, and remove dead or diseased branches. Light pruning or shearing for formal hedges can be done throughout the growing season. When shearing a hedge, ensure the bottom is slightly wider than the top to allow sunlight to reach the lower foliage, promoting dense growth.
For a more natural shape, selective pruning involves removing specific branches to thin the plant and encourage denser growth. Rejuvenation pruning, a more drastic method, can be done on overgrown or leggy plants by cutting back a third of the plant’s height or removing old, thick branches near the ground. The best time for heavy pruning is in late winter or early spring before new growth emerges, or after the plant has finished flowering. Always use sharp, clean tools and disinfect them between cuts to prevent disease spread.
Addressing Common Problems
Wax Leaf Ligustrum is robust and resistant to many common pests and diseases. However, some issues can arise, often stemming from environmental stressors or specific pests. Yellowing leaves can signal nutrient deficiencies, which can be addressed with a balanced fertilizer, or indicate overwatering or poor drainage, requiring adjustment to the watering schedule.
Pests like aphids and scale insects may infest the plant. These are typically managed with insecticidal soap or neem oil applications. Fungal leaf spots, such as Cercospora leaf spot, may appear as tan lesions with purple margins, particularly during warm, moist periods. While not severe, improving air circulation through proper spacing and pruning, and avoiding overhead irrigation, can help prevent their spread. Removing infected fallen leaves also reduces disease inoculum.