The Tiger Succulent, scientifically known as Haworthiopsis fasciata, offers a striking visual appeal with its distinctive striped foliage. This plant is a popular choice for both indoor enthusiasts and outdoor gardeners in suitable climates, due to its straightforward care and unique appearance. Its common name, “Tiger Succulent” or “Zebra Plant,” stems from the white, band-like markings on its leaves, which resemble zebra patterns.
Identifying the Tiger Succulent
The Tiger Succulent, or Haworthiopsis fasciata, is characterized by its stiff, thick, and fleshy dark green leaves arranged in a rosette pattern. These triangular leaves feature prominent white, raised tubercles or bands on their outer surfaces. The plant typically grows to a compact size, reaching about 4 to 6 inches (10-15 cm) in height and a similar spread.
Distinguishing Haworthiopsis fasciata from its close relative, Haworthiopsis attenuata, is important as the two are frequently confused. While both have striped leaves, Haworthiopsis fasciata has smooth upper (inner) leaf surfaces with tubercles only on the lower (outer) sides. In contrast, Haworthiopsis attenuata possesses roughness or tubercles on both sides of its leaves. The leaves of H. fasciata are also often stout and may curve inwards more prominently.
Tiger Succulent Care Guide
Light Requirements
Tiger Succulents thrive in bright, indirect light conditions. An east or west-facing window is ideal for indoor placement, providing ample light without harsh direct exposure. While the plant can tolerate some direct morning sun, intense midday sun can scorch its leaves, leading to discoloration. Insufficient light can cause the plant to stretch and become leggy, a condition known as etiolation, where the distinct patterns on the leaves may also fade.
Watering Practices
Water using the “soak and dry” method. This involves thoroughly watering the plant until water drains from the bottom, then allowing the soil to dry out completely before the next watering. Overwatering leads to root rot, causing soft, yellowing, or mushy leaves. Reduce watering frequency during cooler winter months when the plant’s growth slows significantly.
Soil and Potting
Well-draining soil prevents waterlogging and root rot. Use a specialized cactus or succulent potting mix. For enhanced drainage, add components like perlite, pumice, or coarse sand to a standard potting soil. Pots must have drainage holes. Unglazed terracotta pots are often preferred as they allow for better air circulation and moisture evaporation.
Temperature and Humidity
Tiger Succulents thrive in average room temperatures, between 60°F to 80°F (15°C to 27°C). They are sensitive to cold and require protection below 50°F (10°C). These plants are not cold-hardy and should be brought indoors in regions with frost. Average household humidity is sufficient.
Fertilization
Tiger Succulents require minimal fertilization. Apply a diluted liquid succulent-specific fertilizer once or twice during the active growing season (spring and summer). Follow dilution instructions carefully to avoid harming the plant. More frequent or concentrated fertilization is unnecessary.
Propagation of Tiger Succulent
Tiger Succulents are most commonly propagated through offsets, or “pups,” which grow around the base of the parent plant. To propagate, carefully remove these offsets from the mother plant using a clean, sharp knife. Allow the removed offsets to dry and form a callus for one to two days before planting them. This callusing helps prevent rot.
Plant the callused offsets in a well-draining succulent or cactus mix, burying the base just enough to keep them upright. Water sparingly after planting, allowing the soil to dry completely to encourage root development. Place newly potted offsets in bright, indirect light. Leaf cuttings can also be used, though this method has a lower success rate and takes longer.
Common Issues and Solutions
Overwatering is the main cause of root rot in Tiger Succulents. Symptoms include soft, mushy, yellow, or brown leaves, and a browning plant center. Stop watering immediately and allow the soil to dry. If rot is severe, repot into fresh, dry soil after trimming affected roots. Ensure proper drainage holes.
Insufficient light causes etiolation, resulting in leggy growth and faded leaf patterns. Move the succulent to a brighter location with indirect sunlight; stretched growth will not revert. Brown leaf tips indicate underwatering or low humidity, requiring a watering schedule adjustment.
Tiger Succulents are resistant to most pests, but mealybugs and spider mites can occur. Mealybugs appear as small, white, cottony masses in leaf crevices. Spider mites cause fine webbing. Manage these pests by wiping them off with a damp cloth or applying diluted insecticidal soap.
Is Tiger Succulent Toxic?
The Tiger Succulent (Haworthiopsis fasciata) is non-toxic to humans and pets. This makes it a safe choice for households with children or pets. While it poses no significant threat, discourage pets from ingesting any houseplant material.