The Suhosine Mulberry, scientifically known as Debregeasia edulis, is a unique fruit-bearing plant for home gardeners. Though its name suggests a connection to traditional mulberries, it is a relative of the nettle plant. Its attractive growth habit and unusual, flavorful fruits make it a compelling garden addition.
Understanding Suhosine Mulberry
The Suhosine Mulberry originates from East Asia, including Japan, thriving as a small semi-evergreen shrub. It reaches a mature height of about 8 feet with a width of 6 to 8 feet, allowing cultivation as a multi-stemmed bush or compact tree. Its foliage features netted leaves that are dark on the upper surface with reflective white undersides.
Its distinctive fruit is a notable characteristic. Small, round, orange berries are produced directly on thick, woody stems, a trait known as cauliflory. The fruits are mildly sweet and aromatic, often described as having a flavor reminiscent of strawberries. Suhosine Mulberry is self-fertile, meaning a single plant can produce fruit without needing another for pollination. Flowering begins in late June and continues throughout the summer, with fruits ripening and remaining on the branches until autumn.
Cultivating Suhosine Mulberry
Successful cultivation begins with site selection. This adaptable plant thrives in full sun to nearly full shade, though increased sunlight promotes more abundant fruit production. It prefers well-draining soil that is consistently moist and rich in organic matter. While it tolerates various soil types, a slightly acidic to neutral pH between 6.0 and 7.0 is ideal. Plant saplings in early spring, after the last frost, by digging a hole twice as wide as the root ball and of equal depth for healthy establishment.
Consistent moisture is important, especially during establishment and fruiting. Water deeply once or twice a week, depending on soil type and weather. Check soil moisture by inserting a finger 2 to 3 inches deep; if dry, water is needed. Avoid overwatering to prevent root issues, and reduce watering frequency during winter dormancy.
Fertilizing is not recommended during the first year of growth. After the second year, apply a balanced 10-10-10 NPK fertilizer in early spring as new growth emerges, and again in late summer after fruit set. Apply about 1 pound of fertilizer for every inch of the tree trunk’s diameter, watering thoroughly before and after application to prevent root burn. Organic amendments like compost or well-rotted manure can also enrich the soil.
Pruning requirements are minimal; excessive pruning can stress the plant and reduce fruit yield. The best time for pruning is late winter or early spring while the plant is dormant, focusing on removing any dead, damaged, or diseased branches. Light pruning during summer can help manage size.
Strategic pruning encourages new growth and enhances fruit production by promoting branching. Remove any crossing branches and make cuts close to the main stem or nearest healthy growth point. The Suhosine Mulberry is resilient and not susceptible to common pests or diseases.
Harvesting and Enjoying Suhosine Mulberries
Suhosine Mulberries ripen during summer and continue to produce fruit through autumn. Berries are ready for harvest when they achieve their characteristic orange color. For a small harvest, individual berries can be gently plucked from stems. For larger quantities, spread a clean tarp or sheet beneath the plant and gently shake branches to cause ripe fruits to fall.
Due to their delicate nature, these berries have a limited shelf life. Store them in a shallow container in the refrigerator, best consumed within two days. Wash fruit just before consumption to maintain quality. Suhosine Mulberries are mildly sweet when eaten fresh. They are also versatile in the kitchen and can be processed into homemade wines or jams, or incorporated into baked goods such as pies, cookies, and tarts.