The Squirrel Plant, Myrmecodia platytyrea, is a captivating houseplant known for its peculiar appearance. This exotic species features a distinctive swollen base, making it a conversation starter in any plant collection.
Understanding the Squirrel Plant’s Unique Nature
The Squirrel Plant earns its common name from its enlarged base, which resembles a squirrel’s bushy tail. This swollen, tuberous structure, known as a caudex, is a defining characteristic of Myrmecodia platytyrea. It serves as a water and nutrient storage organ, allowing the plant to survive periods of drought in its natural habitat.
This plant is an epiphyte, meaning it naturally grows on other plants, such as trees, rather than in soil. In its native rainforests of New Guinea and northern Australia, the caudex of Myrmecodia platytyrea contains internal chambers. These chambers form a specialized habitat for ant colonies, which can provide the plant with nutrients from their waste and food scraps. Ants are not necessary for the plant’s health or cultivation in a home environment.
Cultivating Your Squirrel Plant
It thrives in bright, indirect light, ideally receiving around six hours of diffused light daily. An east or north-facing window is often a good location, offering ample light without harsh direct sun exposure that can scorch its leaves.
Watering should be consistent, allowing the surface of the growing medium to dry between waterings. Overwatering can lead to issues, so ensure excellent drainage. The plant prefers a well-draining, airy substrate that mimics its epiphytic nature, such as an orchid bark mix, charcoal, and perlite. Terracotta pots or hanging baskets are suitable choices.
Squirrel Plants prefer warm temperatures, ideally between 18–28°C (64–82°F). Extreme cold or heat should be avoided. High humidity levels are beneficial, as they originate from tropical rainforests, so consider using a humidifier or a pebble tray to increase moisture in drier indoor environments. During active growth periods, a half-strength orchid or epiphyte fertilizer can be applied monthly.
Propagating and Repotting Squirrel Plants
Propagating Myrmecodia platytyrea can be challenging, with seed germination being unreliable and stem cuttings often unsuccessful. The most practical method for propagation is through division. This involves carefully separating a section of the caudex that includes a portion of the root system.
When repotting, choose a container not much larger than the caudex, as the plant’s roots do not extend deeply. Repotting is rarely needed, as these plants prefer to be somewhat root-bound. If repotting is necessary, do so in early to late summer, handling the roots gently and using a fresh, airy epiphytic substrate.
Troubleshooting Common Issues
Caudex rot is often caused by overwatering or inadequate drainage. If the caudex becomes soft and mushy, improve drainage and reduce watering. Conversely, a shriveling or soft caudex can also indicate underwatering or insufficient humidity; increase watering frequency or humidity levels.
Pests are uncommon but can include mealybugs or scale. Inspect the plant regularly and treat any infestations with appropriate organic methods, such as neem oil or insecticidal soap to manage them. If the plant exhibits a lack of growth, assess its light conditions and ensure it receives adequate, albeit diluted, nutrients during its active growing season to encourage development.