Spiderwort (Tradescantia species) is a diverse plant known for its vibrant foliage and straightforward care. This genus includes over 75 herbaceous perennial plants, often called inch plant or dayflower. Their striking leaves (green, purple, pink, or silver) and delicate three-petaled flowers make them popular for indoor and garden use. Its adaptability makes it suitable for gardeners of varying experience levels.
Spiderwort Basic Care Requirements
Light
Spiderwort plants thrive in bright, indirect sunlight. Place them near a window with ample light (at least eight hours daily), but avoid direct, harsh afternoon sun to prevent leaf scorching. If the plant’s color or variegation begins to fade, it indicates insufficient light exposure. Some varieties, like Tradescantia pallida ‘Purple Heart’, may even intensify their purple coloration with more direct sun exposure.
Water
Maintain consistent soil moisture, watering when the top inch or two feels dry. Avoid soggy conditions. Good drainage is important; overwatering leads to root rot. During warmer months, weekly watering is often sufficient, with reduced frequency needed in cooler seasons.
Soil
Spiderwort prefers well-draining soil that can still retain some moisture. A standard potting mix with amendments like perlite or sand improves aeration and drainage, preventing root rot. While adaptable, a slightly acidic to neutral pH (5.0-7.2) is ideal. Incorporating organic material like compost or worm castings provides beneficial nutrients.
Temperature and Humidity
Spiderwort flourishes in average room temperatures (65-75°F / 18-24°C). They tolerate slightly warmer conditions, but temperatures below 50°F (10°C) may cause leaf discoloration or damage. Spiderwort plants appreciate above-average humidity, especially when grown indoors. Increase humidity through misting, using a pebble tray, or placing the plant in naturally humid areas like a bathroom or kitchen.
Fertilizer
Spiderwort does not require extensive feeding. During the active growing season (spring and summer), apply a balanced liquid fertilizer diluted to half strength every two to four weeks. Over-fertilization can lead to leggy growth or cause variegated leaves to lose distinct patterns. Reduce or stop fertilization during fall and winter when growth slows.
Pruning and Maintenance
Regular pruning encourages bushier growth and maintains a desirable shape. These plants can become leggy with long, bare stems; periodic trimming stimulates new, compact foliage. When pruning, cut just above a leaf node, where new growth emerges. Deadheading spent flowers promotes continuous blooming and prevents excessive self-seeding, especially for outdoor varieties.
Remove yellowing or dead leaves to enhance appearance and health. This improves air circulation, deterring fungal issues. For outdoor spiderwort, cutting stems back by one-third after flowering invigorates the plant and encourages a second flush of blooms.
Propagating Spiderwort
Propagating spiderwort is straightforward, most commonly done through stem cuttings. Select healthy stems and use clean, sharp scissors or pruners for 4 to 6-inch cuttings, ensuring several leaf nodes. Remove lower leaves from cuttings to prevent rotting if submerged in water.
Cuttings can be rooted in water by placing them in a glass, ensuring no leaves are submerged. Roots develop within a few weeks. Alternatively, place cuttings directly into a moist, well-draining potting mix. Consistent soil moisture and bright, indirect light support root development. Once roots are established, transfer new plants to their permanent containers.
Common Spiderwort Problems
Spiderwort is robust, but can encounter common issues, often related to environmental conditions. Yellowing leaves often signal overwatering (consistently wet soil). Yellowing can also occur from underwatering or insufficient light. Soggy soil may lead to root rot, causing leaves to wilt and the plant to decline.
Brown leaf tips often indicate low humidity; spiderwort prefers a moist environment. This can be remedied by increasing ambient humidity around the plant. Leggy growth (stretched stems with sparse leaves) results from inadequate light. Common pests include aphids, spider mites, and mealybugs. These can be managed by wiping them away, using a strong spray of water, or applying insecticidal soap or neem oil.