The Silver Sword Philodendron, scientifically known as Philodendron hastatum, is a popular houseplant known for its distinctive, silvery-green, sword-like foliage. Its unique appearance makes it a captivating addition to indoor plant collections. Manageable care requirements make it a rewarding specimen.
Silver Sword Philodendron Care
Light Needs
Bright, indirect light is fundamental for the Silver Sword Philodendron’s growth, mimicking its natural habitat of dappled sunlight. Place it near an east or north-facing window, or a few feet from a south or west-facing window. Direct sun, especially afternoon sun, can scorch leaves, causing brown patches and fading. Insufficient light leads to leggy growth, smaller leaves, and diminished silvery coloration. Consistent bright, indirect light promotes compact growth and maintains its deep metallic sheen.
Watering
Water thoroughly when the top two to three inches of soil feel dry. This is typically every 7-10 days, varying with environmental factors. Allow the pot to drain completely to prevent waterlogging and root rot, which can be fatal. Overwatering causes yellowing leaves and a soft stem base. Underwatering leads to wilting, crispy, brown leaf edges.
Soil Requirements
The Silver Sword Philodendron thrives in a well-draining, airy potting mix that retains some moisture. An ideal mix includes peat moss or coco coir for moisture, combined with perlite or pumice for drainage and aeration. Incorporating orchid bark or horticultural charcoal improves structure, ensuring roots receive oxygen. A slightly acidic to neutral pH (6.0-7.0) is preferred.
Temperature and Humidity
Maintain temperatures between 65-80°F (18-27°C), avoiding sudden fluctuations or cold drafts. High humidity (60-80%) is beneficial. Low humidity causes brown, crispy leaf edges and stunted growth. Increase humidity with a humidifier, pebble tray, or by grouping plants. Misting offers temporary relief but isn’t a substitute for consistent high humidity.
Fertilizing
Fertilize every 2-4 weeks during spring and summer with a balanced liquid fertilizer, diluted to half or quarter strength. Reduce or cease fertilization in cooler months when growth slows. Over-fertilization can cause salt buildup, burning roots and leading to decline. Always ensure soil is moist before applying fertilizer.
Repotting
Repot when the plant outgrows its container or soil degrades. Signs include roots emerging from drainage holes, stunted growth, or the plant becoming top-heavy. Repot every 1-2 years. Choose a new pot only one or two inches larger. Repot gently, loosening circling roots, and place in fresh, well-draining soil at the same depth.
Propagating
Propagate through stem cuttings with at least one node. Make a cut just below a node using a clean, sharp knife or pruners. Cuttings can be rooted in water or moist potting mix.
For water rooting, submerge the node and change water every few days. For soil, plant the node about an inch deep. Rooting hormone can expedite development.
Common Issues
Yellowing leaves often indicate overwatering, but can also signify underwatering, nutrient deficiencies, or natural leaf senescence. Brown leaf tips or edges suggest low humidity or inconsistent watering. Pests like spider mites, mealybugs, and thrips can infest. Inspect undersides of leaves and treat with horticultural oil or insecticidal soap. Leggy growth indicates insufficient light.
Toxicity Information
The Silver Sword Philodendron contains calcium oxalate crystals, making it toxic if ingested. These crystals cause immediate irritation. Keep this plant out of reach of children and pets.
Symptoms of ingestion include:
Oral irritation
Burning sensations in the mouth and throat
Swelling of the lips and tongue
Difficulty swallowing
While not life-threatening, symptoms cause discomfort. If ingestion is suspected, seek medical or veterinary attention promptly.