The Shark Tooth Fern, scientifically known as Nephrolepis cordifolia ‘Duffii’, is a popular houseplant recognized for its distinctive foliage. Its small, rounded leaflets grow in a tight formation along its fronds, creating a texture often likened to tiny shark teeth. This attractive, dense fern adds lush greenery to indoor spaces.
Shark Tooth Fern Care
The Shark Tooth Fern thrives with proper environmental conditions. It prefers bright, indirect light, similar to dappled sunlight on a forest floor. Direct sun can scorch fronds, causing browning, while too little light leads to leggy growth and dull color.
Consistent moisture is important. Water when the top inch of soil feels dry, keeping the soil evenly moist but never soggy. Using filtered water or rainwater is beneficial, as these ferns are sensitive to tap water chemicals.
High humidity levels are beneficial, reflecting the fern’s tropical origins. Dry indoor air can cause fronds to crisp and brown. To increase humidity, mist the plant, place its pot on a pebble tray with water, or use a room humidifier.
The ideal soil mix should be well-draining, airy, and rich in organic matter. A peat-based potting mix with perlite or coarse sand provides good drainage and water retention. Ensure the pot has drainage holes to prevent root problems.
Fertilizing should be light and infrequent. During its active growing season (spring and summer), apply a balanced liquid fertilizer diluted to half strength about once a month. Avoid fertilizing during its dormant period in fall and winter.
Average room temperatures are suitable, ideally between 65 to 75 degrees Fahrenheit (18 to 24 degrees Celsius). Protect the plant from extreme temperature fluctuations and cold drafts, as temperatures below 50 degrees Fahrenheit (10 degrees Celsius) can cause cold-shock.
Common Problems and Solutions
Browning leaf tips or edges is a common issue for Shark Tooth Ferns. This often indicates low humidity or inconsistent watering practices. Adjusting humidity and establishing a regular watering schedule can help alleviate this symptom.
Yellowing leaves can signal several issues. Overwatering is a frequent cause, leading to soggy soil and root problems. Yellowing can also result from too much direct sunlight, nutrient deficiency, or pests.
Shark Tooth Ferns can encounter pests like spider mites, mealybugs, or scale insects. Regular inspection helps detect pests early. Organic treatments such as neem oil or insecticidal soap are effective for managing infestations.
A lack of growth or poor vigor may point to inadequate light, insufficient nutrients, or improper watering. Adjusting light exposure, fertilization, or watering frequency can restore vitality.
Propagating Shark Tooth Ferns
Propagating Shark Tooth Ferns is commonly achieved through division. This process is best done in spring or early summer when the plant is actively growing. Separate a portion of the plant that includes some roots to create new, independent plants.
After division, plant each new section in its own pot with appropriate soil, consistent moisture, and indirect light. Propagation from spores is also possible but requires more patience and specific conditions.
Repotting Your Shark Tooth Fern
Shark Tooth Ferns prefer to be somewhat root-bound but eventually need repotting. This is typically needed every one to two years, or when roots emerge from drainage holes. Other indicators include deteriorated soil quality or significantly slowed growth.
When repotting, select a new pot one to two inches larger in diameter. Gently remove the fern, add fresh, well-draining potting mix, and plant it at the same depth. After repotting, water thoroughly to settle the soil.