The term “red jasmine” refers to several distinct species, causing confusion as not all are true jasmines. Understanding your specific plant is important for proper care and enjoyment.
Understanding What “Red Jasmine” Means
The common name “red jasmine” primarily refers to Jasminum beesianum, a true jasmine species native to China and Tibet. This woody, twining climber produces red flowers. However, the name is also commonly used for other plants that are not true jasmines but share characteristics like a vining habit or fragrant flowers.
Other plants often called “red jasmine” include Quisqualis indica (Rangoon Creeper) and certain Mandevilla species. Quisqualis indica is a fast-growing, woody liana with flowers that transition from white to pink and finally to red. Mandevilla species are tropical vines prized for their large, trumpet-shaped blooms in shades including red, pink, and white. Though botanically distinct, their shared visual appeal and vining nature lead to this common naming.
Appearance and Fragrance
Jasminum beesianum features slender, flexible stems and small, pointed green leaves, which can be semi-evergreen or deciduous depending on the climate. Its small, tubular blooms appear in late spring to early summer, opening into a star-like shape, ranging from soft pink to deep reddish-pink. It has a subtle, sweet fragrance.
Quisqualis indica has lance-shaped leaves and clusters of star-shaped, aromatic blossoms. These flowers undergo a striking color transformation, opening white, then gradually darkening to pink, and finally turning red. The fragrance is most pronounced in the evening. Mandevilla species are known for glossy green foliage and showy, trumpet-shaped flowers in vibrant red, rosy pink, or other shades. Many varieties are fragrant, with blooms up to 5 inches across.
Growing and Caring for Red Jasmine Flowers
Successful cultivation requires understanding their specific environmental needs, including optimal conditions for light, soil, water, temperature, humidity, fertilization, and pruning to encourage healthy growth and abundant flowering.
Light
Most “red jasmine” plants thrive in full sun to partial shade. Jasminum beesianum, Quisqualis indica, and Mandevilla all prefer at least six hours of direct sunlight daily for optimal flowering. Quisqualis indica can tolerate half-day sun. In hotter climates, Mandevilla may benefit from afternoon shade to prevent leaf scorching.
Soil
Well-draining, fertile soil is essential. Jasminum beesianum and Mandevilla favor slightly acidic to neutral pH, while Quisqualis indica is pH adaptable. All benefit from ample organic matter, such as compost. For container planting, a mix of equal parts potting soil, peat moss, and sand is often recommended for Quisqualis indica.
Water
Consistent moisture is preferred during the active growing season, but all three plants require well-drained soil to prevent root rot. Jasminum beesianum needs consistently moist soil, watering when the top inch feels dry, and reduced watering in winter. Quisqualis indica and Mandevilla prefer soil to dry out slightly between waterings.
Temperature and Humidity
These plants prefer warmer climates and are sensitive to frost. Jasminum beesianum is hardy in USDA Zones 7-9, needing protection from extreme frost. Quisqualis indica is cold hardy only in tropical regions (Zones 10-11), defoliating with light frosts. Mandevilla prefers warm temperatures (68-90°F) and high humidity; temperatures below 45-50°F can cause damage, often requiring it to be grown as an annual or overwintered indoors in colder regions.
Fertilization
Regular feeding supports growth and flowering. Jasminum beesianum benefits from monthly balanced, water-soluble fertilizer during spring and summer, avoiding late fall and winter. Quisqualis indica needs less, benefiting from compost or balanced granular fertilizer twice a year (spring and fall); avoid high-nitrogen fertilizers. Mandevilla thrives with regular general-purpose fertilizer, such as a slow-release granular type at planting and a bi-weekly water-soluble feed during the growing season. A phosphorus-rich fertilizer (e.g., 7-9-5) can promote blossoms for all.
Pruning
Pruning maintains shape, manages size, and encourages blooms. Jasminum beesianum should be pruned after flowering to maintain shape, promote bushiness, and remove any dead or weak stems. Quisqualis indica requires regular pruning in early spring to control vigorous growth. Mandevilla needs less extensive pruning but can be snipped for shape. For all, early spring pruning before new growth is ideal to remove dead or weak stems and improve plant structure.
Common Uses and Placement
With their vining habit and attractive flowers, “red jasmine” plants are versatile for various garden and landscape applications. They are well-suited for training on trellises, arbors, fences, and pergolas, creating striking vertical displays. Their climbing ability provides privacy or shade when grown over structures.
They can also be used in containers, allowing for portability and indoor overwintering in colder climates. Some varieties serve as groundcover on slopes or as part of a mixed border. Many are fragrant, ideal for placement near seating areas, patios, or entryways. Their showy blooms also attract pollinators like hummingbirds and butterflies.