Philodendron subincisum is a popular houseplant with striking foliage and straightforward care. Originating from Central and South American rainforests, it brings a lush, exotic feel indoors. Its large, distinctive leaves make it a desirable addition for plant enthusiasts.
Characteristics and Appearance
Philodendron subincisum is recognized for its deeply lobed, dramatic leaves, which can reach impressive sizes, often described as “elephant ear-like.” These glossy leaves display a vibrant medium green hue, growing up to 2 to 3 feet long and 2 feet wide. The plant exhibits a climbing habit, using aerial roots to anchor itself in its natural habitat. Indoors, it can reach heights of 7 to 9 feet, making it a compelling focal point.
Essential Care Guide
Light
Philodendron subincisum thrives in bright, indirect light, mimicking its native shaded forest canopy. Place it near a north, northeast, or northwest-facing window, or a few feet from a sunny window to avoid direct exposure. Direct sunlight can scorch leaves, while insufficient light leads to slower growth, smaller leaves, or leggy stems. Aim for 280-400 foot-candles for optimal development.
Watering
Maintain consistent soil moisture for Philodendron subincisum. Allow the top inch or two (25-50%) of soil to dry before watering again, typically every one to two weeks during the growing season. Overwatering can lead to root rot, so ensure excellent drainage and empty excess water from the saucer. Curling leaves or wilting indicate underwatering; yellowing leaves often point to overwatering.
Soil
A well-draining, aerated, and nutrient-rich potting mix is appropriate for Philodendron subincisum. An ideal blend includes organic matter like peat moss, perlite, vermiculite, orchid bark, and charcoal, providing drainage and moisture retention. The plant prefers a slightly acidic soil pH, typically 5.3 to 6.1.
Temperature and Humidity
Philodendron subincisum prefers warm temperatures, ideally 60°F to 85°F (15°C to 29°C), struggling below 55°F (12°C). As a tropical plant, it benefits from high humidity, ideally 60% to 75%. While it adapts to average household humidity, increasing levels with a humidifier, pebble tray, or misting promotes healthier growth and prevents brown leaf tips.
Fertilizing
During the active growing season (spring and summer), fertilize Philodendron subincisum every two to four weeks with a balanced, water-soluble liquid fertilizer. A 20-20-20 formula, diluted to half strength, provides necessary nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium for lush foliage and strong roots. Avoid fertilizing during dormant winter months, as growth slows and over-fertilization can cause harm. Adding compost also provides sustained nutrients.
Pruning and Repotting
Pruning Philodendron subincisum manages size, encourages bushier growth, and removes yellowing or damaged foliage. The best time to prune is late spring to early summer during active growth. Use clean, sharp shears, cutting just above a leaf node, and avoid removing more than one-third of the plant. Repot every one to two years, or when root-bound, to provide fresh soil and space.
Propagation
Propagate Philodendron subincisum through stem cuttings. Select a healthy stem section with at least one node and one or more leaves. Make a clean 45-degree cut just below a node, where new roots emerge. Place the cutting in water, ensuring the node is submerged, or directly into a well-draining potting mix. Roots typically develop within weeks; warmth and indirect light support successful rooting.
Common Issues and Solutions
Yellowing leaves on Philodendron subincisum often signal improper watering; overwatering is the most frequent cause due to saturated soil. Underwatering can also lead to yellowing, wilting, or browning leaf tips. Adjust your watering schedule to allow topsoil to dry between waterings. Low humidity causes brown leaf tips, remedied by increasing ambient moisture. Slow growth or pale foliage indicates insufficient light or lack of nutrients, requiring lighting adjustments or fertilizer. While generally pest-resistant, common houseplant pests like spider mites, mealybugs, or aphids can appear. Address these by wiping leaves with a damp cloth or using insecticidal soap for severe infestations.