The Philodendron Rojo, or Rojo Congo, is a popular indoor plant due to its striking appearance. This hybrid showcases foliage with a unique color transition; new leaves emerge coppery red or burgundy, gradually maturing into a deep green, often retaining red or purple hues on their undersides. Its sturdy, upright stems are often tinged with red, adding to its vibrant display. Its distinctive coloration and robust growth make it a favored indoor addition.
Caring for Philodendron Rojo
Light
Philodendron Rojo thrives in bright, indirect light. Placing it within a few feet of a bright window is ideal. While it can tolerate medium indirect light, too much direct sunlight can scorch the leaves, causing brown patches or faded colors. Insufficient light may result in leggy growth and a loss of the plant’s rich hues.
Watering
Philodendron Rojo prefers consistently moist soil, avoiding soggy conditions. Allow the top inch or two of the soil to dry out completely before watering again. Overwatering leads to root rot, while prolonged dryness causes brown, crisp edges. Adequate drainage holes prevent water accumulation.
Soil
An airy, well-draining soil mix is suitable for Philodendron Rojo. An ideal mix is rich in organic material and promotes drainage. A common mix includes equal parts perlite, indoor potting soil, and orchid bark, or a peat-based potting mix. This substrate maintains moisture and allows for root aeration.
Temperature and Humidity
Philodendron Rojo flourishes in warm temperatures, ranging between 60°F and 85°F (15°C to 29°C). It is sensitive to cold drafts and temperatures below 55°F (13°C), causing damage or leaf drop. As a tropical plant, it appreciates higher humidity levels, above 50% to 60%. Increase humidity by placing the plant on a pebble tray, using a small humidifier, or grouping plants.
Fertilization
Regular fertilization supports vigorous growth and vibrant foliage. During its active growing season in spring and summer, fertilize monthly with a balanced, water-soluble fertilizer, diluted to half the recommended strength. A 20-20-20 blend (equal parts nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium) is recommended. Reduce or cease fertilization during fall and winter as growth slows.
Propagating Philodendron Rojo
Propagating Philodendron Rojo is commonly achieved through stem cuttings. Begin by selecting a healthy stem that has at least one node, which is the point where roots will develop. Using clean, sharp scissors or pruning shears, make a cut just below a node, ensuring the cutting is about 3-6 inches long and has a few leaves. Remove any lower leaves that would be submerged in water or buried in soil to prevent rot.
You can root cuttings in water by placing them in a jar with the node submerged, changing the water every few days to keep it fresh. Roots typically begin to emerge within 2-4 weeks. Alternatively, cuttings can be planted directly into a well-draining potting mix, ensuring the node is covered. Keep the soil consistently moist but not waterlogged, and place the pot in a warm spot with bright, indirect light until roots establish.
Common Problems and Solutions
Philodendron Rojo is low-maintenance, but issues can arise. Yellowing leaves indicate overwatering, especially if the lower leaves are affected, or insufficient light. Adjusting watering frequency to allow the soil to dry out more between sessions and ensuring adequate light can help. Brown leaf tips or edges point to low humidity or underwatering. Increasing humidity (misting, pebble trays) and consistent soil moisture can alleviate this.
Pest infestations (spider mites, mealybugs, aphids) can occur. Regular inspection and wiping leaves with a damp cloth help prevent and manage pests. For significant infestations, apply insecticidal soap or neem oil. Leggy growth (elongated stems, sparse leaves) indicates insufficient light, prompting a move to a brighter location.
Toxicity
Philodendron Rojo is toxic if ingested by humans or pets. The plant contains calcium oxalate crystals, causing irritation and discomfort. Symptoms include burning sensations, swelling of the mouth, throat, and tongue, excessive drooling, vomiting, and difficulty swallowing. Keep the plant out of reach of children and pets. Always wash hands thoroughly after handling the plant.