Opuntia subulata cristata is a unique succulent, recognized for its distinctive crested or “monstrose” growth form. Its unusual appearance makes it a popular addition to plant collections.
Understanding Opuntia Subulata Cristata
Opuntia subulata cristata, also known as Crested Eve’s Needle or Coral Cactus, is a cultivar of Austrocylindropuntia subulata. This crested form results from a mutation where growth cells multiply rapidly at branch tips, leading to a wavy, fan-like, or sculptured appearance instead of typical cylindrical stems. Its stems are emerald green, undulating, with white areoles and a few white spines. This slow-growing cactus can reach 1 to 2 feet, displaying a contorted, ridged structure. While the parent plant flowers, the crested form typically does not, though normal stems that occasionally emerge may bloom.
Essential Care for Opuntia Subulata Cristata
Light Needs
Opuntia subulata cristata thrives in bright light, ideally receiving full sun to bright indirect light for at least six hours daily. Adequate light maintains its crested form and prevents etiolation, which is stretched, leggy growth. If the plant shows signs of burning or becoming lighter green, it may benefit from slightly filtered direct sunlight or a move to a less intense location.
Watering Practices
Water sparingly, allowing the soil to dry completely between waterings. Use the “soak and dry” method: thoroughly water until drainage occurs, then let the soil dry fully before the next watering. Water regularly in summer, but decrease frequency significantly in cooler months and winter to prevent root rot. Overwatering can lead to root decay.
Soil Requirements
This cactus requires a soil mix with excellent drainage to prevent waterlogging and root problems. A commercial succulent or cactus mix is suitable, often enhanced with gritty materials like perlite, pumice, or coarse sand. A good composition might include 25% to 50% pumice for optimal drainage. Clay pots are preferred as they allow the soil and roots to dry more quickly and provide better stability.
Temperature and Humidity
Opuntia subulata cristata prefers warm temperatures and tolerates hot, arid conditions. It is sensitive to frost; ideal nighttime temperatures should not fall below 40°F (4.4°C), though it can tolerate light frost if kept very dry. In regions with freezing temperatures, bring the plant indoors during winter. Low humidity is preferred.
Fertilization
Fertilization is not always necessary for Opuntia subulata cristata, but it can encourage faster and larger growth in mature, established plants. During the active growing season in spring and summer, a balanced, diluted liquid succulent fertilizer can be applied. Avoid fertilizing during the plant’s dormant period in winter to prevent weakening or burning the roots.
Propagating Opuntia Subulata Cristata
Opuntia subulata cristata is commonly propagated using stem cuttings, typically in spring during active growth. Take a cutting from a healthy part of the plant, ensuring the tool is sterilized to prevent disease. Allow the cutting to “callus” or dry for several days to a week; this forms a protective layer, reducing rot risk. Once callused, insert the cutting into a well-draining cactus mix and water sparingly until new roots establish.
Troubleshooting Common Problems
Opuntia subulata cristata can experience common issues, most manageable with proper care. Root rot, characterized by a mushy base or blackening stem, is caused by overwatering or inadequate drainage. Prevent it by adhering to proper watering and using well-draining soil. Etiolation, or leggy, stretched growth, indicates insufficient light and can be corrected by moving the plant to a brighter location.
Pests like mealybugs and scale insects can infest the plant. Mealybugs appear as small, cottony white clusters, while scale insects are tiny, brown, or black bumps. Treat these pests by wiping them with rubbing alcohol or using an insecticidal soap. The crested form may occasionally revert to its original non-crested, cylindrical growth. This natural phenomenon occurs when the mutation becomes unstable. Prune off these normal stems to encourage crested growth.