Opuntia basilaris caudata, also known as Beavertail Cactus ‘Caudata’ or ‘Foxtail Beavertail’, is a distinctive succulent. Originating from the arid Southwestern United States and Northern Mexico, it is a desirable ornamental plant for various garden settings.
Unique Characteristics and Identification
The distinguishing feature of Opuntia basilaris caudata is its elongated, cylindrical pads, resembling tails. This “caudata” (tail-like) characteristic differentiates it from the broad, flat pads of standard Opuntia basilaris. The pads are bluish-green, often developing reddish-purple tones when exposed to environmental stress or cooler temperatures. This cactus is generally spineless, though it possesses very fine glochids, which are tiny barbed bristles. It forms low-growing, clumping mounds, adding unique texture to landscapes.
Cultivation and Care
Light Requirements
Opuntia basilaris caudata thrives in abundant sunlight, requiring at least six hours of direct sun exposure daily for optimal growth and vibrant coloration. Insufficient light causes etiolation, making the plant stretch and become leggy. Adequate sunlight ensures the plant maintains its compact form and rich hues.
Watering Needs
Water Opuntia basilaris caudata using a “soak and dry” method, allowing the soil to dry completely between waterings. During its active growing season in spring and summer, more frequent watering may be needed, ensuring proper drainage. Reduce watering significantly during cooler, dormant winter months to prevent root rot.
Soil Preferences
This cactus requires a well-draining, gritty soil mix to prevent waterlogging and promote healthy root development. A specialized cactus or succulent potting mix, often amended with perlite, pumice, or coarse sand, provides the necessary aeration. Avoid heavy, moisture-retentive soils, as these can lead to fungal issues and root rot.
Temperature and Hardiness
Opuntia basilaris caudata tolerates heat well, flourishing in warm, dry climates. It exhibits notable cold hardiness, thriving in USDA Plant Hardiness Zones 8 through 11. While it can withstand occasional dips below freezing, prolonged exposure to temperatures below 20°F (-6°C) can cause damage. In colder regions, protection from extended freezing temperatures, especially with moisture, is advisable.
Propagation
Propagating Opuntia basilaris caudata is most effective through stem or pad cuttings. Carefully remove a healthy pad from the parent plant using a clean, sharp knife. Allow the severed end to callus for several days to a few weeks in a dry, shaded location; this prevents rot when planted. Once callused, plant the pad in a well-draining soil mix during warmer months for best rooting. Seed propagation is possible but slower and less common for home growers.
Common Issues and Solutions
Rot is a common problem for Opuntia basilaris caudata, primarily caused by overwatering or inadequate soil drainage. Adjusting watering practices and using a gritty, well-draining soil mix can resolve this. Etiolation, characterized by stretched and pale growth, indicates insufficient light. Moving the plant to a brighter location with more direct sunlight corrects this. A lack of vibrant purplish coloration often stems from insufficient light or environmental stress; increasing sun exposure enhances these hues. Pests like mealybugs or scale can affect the plant, managed with targeted applications of rubbing alcohol on a cotton swab or insecticidal soap.