The ‘Little Cado’ avocado tree, also known as ‘Wurtz’ or ‘Minicado’, is a popular dwarf variety well-suited for home gardeners. Its compact size makes it an excellent choice for those with limited garden space, including patios and urban environments. This tree offers both ornamental appeal and a rewarding harvest of fresh avocados.
Key Characteristics and Advantages
The ‘Little Cado’ is a true dwarf avocado, typically reaching 8 to 15 feet tall and a similar spread, though it can be pruned to remain smaller. Its compact nature allows it to thrive in containers, making it adaptable for various growing conditions. Unlike many other avocado trees, the ‘Little Cado’ is self-pollinating, categorized as both a Type A and Type B flower. This means a single tree can produce fruit without a second avocado tree for cross-pollination, though planting another variety nearby can sometimes enhance production. The ‘Little Cado’ also tolerates temperatures down to about 32°F, and potentially as low as 25-28°F once established, making it suitable for USDA zones 9-11.
Growing and Care Requirements
Light
‘Little Cado’ avocado trees require ample sunlight for optimal growth and fruit production. They thrive in full sun, needing at least 6 to 8 hours of direct sunlight daily. Young trees may benefit from protection from intense afternoon sun during their first year to prevent sunburn.
Soil
Well-draining soil is essential for ‘Little Cado’ avocado trees, as they are susceptible to root rot in waterlogged conditions. They prefer a slightly acidic to neutral pH. If planting in heavy clay soil, creating a raised mound with a mix of sand, compost, and fine mulch can improve drainage.
Watering
Consistent and deep watering is important for ‘Little Cado’ trees, especially during the growing season. Avoid overwatering, which can lead to root rot. Allow the top few inches of soil to dry out between watering sessions. Once established, the tree can become somewhat drought-tolerant, but deep watering during dry periods is still beneficial.
Fertilizing
Regular fertilization supports vigorous growth and fruit production. Fertilize in spring and fall, or every 4-6 weeks during the growing season (February-September). A balanced avocado or citrus fertilizer is suitable; organic options like composted manure, blood meal, or fish emulsion can also be used. Follow manufacturer’s instructions for application rates.
Temperature and Protection
‘Little Cado’ avocado trees are best suited for USDA zones 9-11. While they can tolerate brief dips to around 32°F, extended periods below freezing can cause significant damage. For young trees, or in climates with consistent freezing temperatures, frost protection is advisable. This can involve covering the tree with frost cloth or moving container-grown trees indoors during cold snaps.
Container Growing Considerations
The ‘Little Cado’ is well-suited for container growing due to its dwarf size. Choose a large container with adequate drainage holes. A high-quality potting mix rich in organic matter that drains well is recommended. Repotting may be necessary as the tree grows, moving it to progressively larger containers. Growing in containers allows gardeners in cooler climates to move the tree indoors during winter for cold protection.
Pruning and Maintenance
Pruning a ‘Little Cado’ avocado tree helps maintain its shape, control size, and promote better fruit production. Light pruning is generally recommended, ideally in late fall or early spring. Focus on removing dead, diseased, or crossing branches to improve air circulation. For younger trees, frequent pinching of terminal buds can encourage a bushier growth habit and a strong structure. Avoid heavy pruning, especially on older trees, as this can expose too much of the trunk to direct sun, leading to sunburn.
Fruiting and Harvesting
‘Little Cado’ avocado trees are productive, often setting fruit within one to two years if grafted and grown in favorable conditions. The fruit typically ripens from late spring through early fall, specifically May to September. These avocados are medium-sized, generally weighing 8 to 14 ounces, with smooth green skin and a creamy, rich texture. Avocados do not ripen on the tree; they must be harvested first. To determine readiness, fruit should be mature in size and still firm, with the skin often turning from shiny to dull. After picking, allow the fruit to ripen at room temperature, which typically takes one to two weeks.