The Lauae fern, scientifically known as Phymatosorus scolopendria (often synonymous with Microsorum scolopendria), is a visually appealing plant. Admired for its glossy, wavy fronds and distinct fragrance, it is a popular choice for indoor or outdoor environments.
What is Lauae Fern
The Lauae fern (Phymatosorus scolopendria) is also known as Maile-scented fern, Monarch fern, and Wart fern. This perennial fern exhibits a growth habit that can be either epiphytic, growing on other plants, or terrestrial, rooting in the ground. Its fronds are typically bright green, glossy, and can be deeply lobed, sometimes reaching up to 2 feet in length. A notable characteristic is the presence of wart-like bumps on the upper surface of the fronds, caused by deeply sunken sori on the underside, which gives it the common name “Wart fern.”
A distinctive feature is its unique fragrance, often described as similar to maile or a light almond perfume, which intensifies with age. The fern is native to tropical regions, including parts of Africa, Asia, Australia, and Polynesia. Though widely cultivated and naturalized in Hawaii, it is not indigenous to the islands; however, its prevalence there often leads to this misconception.
Cultural Significance of Lauae Fern
The Lauae fern holds a special place in Hawaiian traditions, particularly due to its fragrant qualities. It is frequently used in lei making, often paired with maile for its complementary aroma. The crushed leaves release a sweet fragrance that Hawaiians associate with being “beloved” or “sweet.”
Beyond lei making, Lauae fern plays a symbolic role in various cultural ceremonies, including hula. Its presence in hula altars and as adornment underscores its deep connection to Hawaiian cultural practices. The fern’s scent is celebrated in traditional chants and songs, highlighting its enduring significance in the islands’ heritage.
Lauae Fern Care Guide
Light
Lauae ferns flourish in bright, indirect light. Direct sunlight can scorch fronds and lead to discoloration. Place them near an east or north-facing window, or in filtered light.
Watering
Maintain consistent soil moisture, but avoid waterlogging. Allow the top inch of soil to dry between waterings to prevent root issues. Regular watering is important, especially during warmer periods.
Humidity
Lauae ferns require high humidity, ideally above 60%. Low humidity can cause frond tips to brown and dry. Misting, using a pebble tray, or a room humidifier helps maintain adequate moisture.
Soil
A well-draining, airy potting mix is suitable. Components like orchid bark, perlite, or peat moss provide drainage and aeration. The mix should retain some moisture but allow excess water to escape for healthy root development.
Temperature
Lauae ferns prefer warm, consistent temperatures. Ideal daytime temperatures are 65-75°F (18-24°C). Nighttime temperatures should not drop significantly below 55-65°F (13-18°C).
Fertilizing
Lauae ferns benefit from a diluted liquid fertilizer during their active growing season (spring and summer). Apply a balanced fertilizer every 4-6 weeks. During cooler, dormant months, reduce or stop fertilization.
Propagating Lauae Fern
Propagating Lauae fern is most effectively achieved through rhizome division. The plant spreads via thin, woody rhizomes that creep along the ground or climb on surfaces. To propagate, carefully separate a section of the rhizome that has at least one or two healthy fronds and some roots attached.
Replant these divided sections into a potting mix, ensuring the rhizome remains at or just below the soil surface. This method creates new, independent plants that retain the parent’s characteristics. While spore propagation is an alternative, it is generally more challenging for home growers.
Common Problems and Solutions
Browning fronds typically indicate insufficient watering, low humidity, or exposure to direct sunlight. Increase humidity through misting or pebble trays, adjust watering frequency, and move the plant to a shadier location.
Yellowing leaves may suggest overwatering, which can lead to root problems, or a nutrient deficiency. Allowing the soil to dry slightly between waterings and ensuring proper drainage can mitigate overwatering. If nutrient deficiency is suspected, a diluted fertilizer can provide necessary elements.
While generally resistant, Lauae ferns can occasionally be susceptible to common houseplant pests like spider mites or mealybugs. Regular inspection and prompt treatment with insecticidal soap or neem oil can help manage these infestations.