The Hairy Philodendron, Philodendron squamiferum, offers a unique aesthetic for indoor plant enthusiasts. Its distinctive appearance and adaptable nature make it a sought-after addition.
Understanding the Hairy Philodendron
The Hairy Philodendron, Philodendron squamiferum, is native to the tropical rainforests of French Guiana, Suriname, and northern Brazil. Its defining characteristic is the reddish, fuzzy petioles, covered in small bristles.
The plant features large, deeply lobed leaves that become more intricate with age. Foliage is typically vibrant to dark green with a glossy texture, contrasting with the reddish, fuzzy stems. This plant exhibits a climbing or vining growth habit, reaching significant heights with a support structure like a moss pole or trellis.
Hairy Philodendron Care Essentials
Light Needs
Hairy Philodendrons thrive in bright, indirect light. Placing the plant a few feet from an east or west-facing window provides ample light without harsh direct exposure. Direct sunlight can scorch the leaves. While the plant tolerates lower light, insufficient light results in slower growth and less vibrant foliage.
Watering Practices
Hairy Philodendrons prefer moderately moist soil but are sensitive to overwatering. Allow the top few inches of soil to dry out completely between waterings. Overwatering can lead to root rot, characterized by yellowing leaves and a mushy stem. Signs of underwatering include wilting and dry, crispy leaf edges.
Humidity and Temperature
Philodendron squamiferum appreciates high humidity, ideally 60-80%. Low humidity can cause brown, crispy leaf tips and edges. Increase humidity using a humidifier, grouping plants, or a pebble tray. The plant grows best in warm temperatures, 65°F (18°C) to 85°F (29°C). Protect it from cold drafts and temperatures below 50°F (10°C), as prolonged exposure causes damage.
Soil and Potting
A well-draining, aerated potting mix is important for Hairy Philodendrons. An aroid mix, composed of orchid bark, perlite, and peat moss or coco coir, provides moisture retention and drainage. The pot must have drainage holes. Repotting is needed every few years when the plant becomes root-bound, indicated by roots emerging from drainage holes. Select a container only one or two inches larger to avoid excessive soil moisture.
Fertilization
Hairy Philodendrons benefit from regular fertilization during their active growing season (spring and summer). Apply a balanced liquid fertilizer, diluted to half strength, monthly. Slow-release fertilizer granules can also be used. Reduce or stop fertilization during the dormant period in fall and winter. Over-fertilization can lead to salt buildup, causing brown leaf spots or root damage.
Propagating Hairy Philodendron
Propagating the Hairy Philodendron is commonly achieved through stem cuttings. Select a healthy stem section with at least two to three leaves and visible nodes. Using clean, sharp scissors or pruning shears, make a cut just below a node, aiming for a cutting length of about 3-6 inches. Remove any leaves that would be submerged if rooting in water to prevent rot.
To root in water, place the cutting in a glass or jar filled with clean water, ensuring the nodes are fully submerged while leaves remain above the waterline. Position the container in a warm, bright location with indirect light and change the water every few days to maintain cleanliness. Roots typically begin to emerge from the nodes within a few weeks.
Once the roots are several inches long, the cutting can be transferred to a well-draining potting mix. Alternatively, cuttings can be planted directly into moist, well-draining soil, ensuring at least one node is buried beneath the surface. Covering the potted cutting with a plastic bag can create a humid microenvironment, aiding in root development.
Troubleshooting Common Hairy Philodendron Issues
Yellowing leaves often indicate improper watering or root rot if the soil remains soggy. Adjusting the watering schedule to allow the topsoil to dry between waterings can help. Browning leaf tips or edges point to low humidity. Increasing humidity through humidifiers or pebble trays can alleviate this.
Slow growth can occur due to insufficient light, poor soil quality, or nutrient deficiencies. Ensure the plant receives adequate bright, indirect light and fertilize during the growing season.
Pests such as spider mites, mealybugs, aphids, and fungus gnats can affect Hairy Philodendrons. Spider mites are managed by increasing humidity and using insecticidal soap or neem oil. Fungus gnats are attracted to overly wet soil; allowing the soil to dry out more between waterings can deter them.
Root rot, a consequence of overwatering, presents with mushy roots and yellowing leaves. Address this by removing the plant, trimming affected roots, and repotting in fresh, well-draining soil.