Euphorbia lambii is a distinctive succulent known for its striking architectural form. Often called the “African Candelabra Tree” or “Truffula Tree” due to its whimsical appearance, it is a popular ornamental plant. Its ease of care and visual appeal make it a favored choice for various landscapes.
Understanding Euphorbia lambii
Euphorbia lambii features a tree-like structure, typically growing 3 to 10 feet tall. Its slender main trunk branches out, bearing rosettes of yellow-green or bluish-green leaves up to six inches long at their ends, creating a pom-pom-like effect. These branches are initially leafless.
A member of the diverse Euphorbia genus, it is native to Gomera in the Canary Islands, thriving in forest margins at elevations between 2,000 and 2,600 feet. It has yellowish-green bracts and green flowers that bloom in clusters, often from late winter to mid-spring. The flowers have a polyandrous arrangement, with multiple male flowers surrounding a single female flower.
Cultivating Euphorbia lambii
Light Needs
Euphorbia lambii thrives in full sun, requiring at least six hours of direct sunlight daily for optimal growth. While it can tolerate partial shade, brighter light promotes more vibrant foliage colors. Indoors, position the plant near a south or west-facing window for sufficient light.
Watering Practices
As a succulent, Euphorbia lambii requires minimal water; overwatering can lead to root rot. Allow the soil to dry out completely between waterings. When watering, moisten the entire soil surface until water drains from the bottom of the pot. Established outdoor plants may need water every two to four weeks during dry periods, while indoor potted plants generally require more frequent watering.
Soil Requirements
Well-draining soil is crucial for Euphorbia lambii to prevent waterlogging and root rot. A sandy soil mix is ideal for both garden and potted plants. For potted plants, a commercial succulent soil mix amended with pumice or perlite significantly enhances drainage. The pot should also have adequate drainage holes.
Temperature and Humidity
Euphorbia lambii prefers tropical or coastal climates and is not cold-hardy, performing best above 20 to 25 degrees Fahrenheit (-6 to -4 degrees Celsius). Extended periods below this range can cause damage. While it tolerates varying humidity, it does not fare well in desert-like heat. In cooler climates, it can be grown indoors where temperatures are controlled.
Fertilization
Euphorbia lambii is not a heavy feeder and has low fertilization needs. For outdoor plants, fertilization is often unnecessary unless signs of nutrient deficiency, such as yellowing leaves, are observed. For potted plants, apply a balanced, half-strength fertilizer once a year during its active growing season, typically winter. Avoid fertilizing during its summer dormancy.
Propagating Euphorbia lambii
Propagating Euphorbia lambii is commonly achieved through stem cuttings. Select a healthy stem and use clean, sharp pruning shears to cut a section, ideally around 6 inches long. After cutting, rinse the end to remove any milky sap, then allow the cutting to dry and callus over for at least a week in a shaded, stable environment. This callusing prevents rot when planted.
Once the cut end has dried, plant the cutting in a well-draining soil mix, such as a blend of potting soil and sand or a commercial succulent mix. Place the pot in a bright location with indirect sunlight. Water sparingly only after new growth appears, indicating successful rooting, which typically occurs within two to four weeks.
Common Issues and Solutions
Root rot is a prevalent issue for Euphorbia lambii, primarily caused by overwatering and poor drainage. Symptoms include mushy stems or yellowing leaves. To prevent this, ensure the plant is in well-draining soil and allow the soil to dry thoroughly between waterings. Repotting into fresh, dry soil and reducing watering can help mitigate existing root rot.
Pests are generally not a significant concern for Euphorbia lambii, though snails and slugs may occasionally feed on the foliage, especially on outdoor plants. These pests can be removed manually or deterred with bait. Environmental stressors like insufficient light can lead to pale or weak growth, remedied by moving the plant to a brighter location. Cold damage can occur in temperatures below 25 degrees Fahrenheit, necessitating protection or indoor relocation.
Safety Considerations
All Euphorbia plants, including Euphorbia lambii, produce a milky white sap (latex) which is highly irritating and toxic. This sap can cause skin rashes, severe eye irritation, and is poisonous if ingested. When handling the plant, wear protective gear, such as gloves and eye protection, to prevent contact.
In case of skin contact, wash the affected area thoroughly with soap and water. If the sap enters the eyes, immediately flush them with copious amounts of water and seek medical attention, as it can cause significant inflammation and temporary vision impairment. Keep Euphorbia lambii away from children and pets due to the sap’s toxic properties.