The Donkey Ear Plant (Kalanchoe gastonis-bonnieri) is a fascinating succulent known for its distinctive foliage and remarkable propagation method. This plant, native to Madagascar, produces miniature plantlets, often called “pups,” along the edges of its leaves. These pups offer an easy and engaging way to multiply your plant collection.
Understanding Donkey Ear Plant Pups
Donkey Ear Plant pups are small plantlets that develop along the scalloped margins of the parent plant’s mature leaves. They exhibit their own tiny leaves and often have visible root structures. Their formation is a natural process of asexual reproduction, creating clones of itself. This enables the plant to spread in its natural habitat and provides a straightforward method for gardeners to propagate new plants.
Harvesting Pups
Pups are ready for harvesting when they show small, brown roots and are large enough to handle. Some pups may even detach spontaneously when mature. To remove them, gently twist or pluck the plantlet where it connects to the parent leaf. If resistance is felt, a clean, sharp knife or pair of scissors can be used to carefully cut the pup away without damaging the parent leaf or pup. Disinfecting tools with rubbing alcohol before use prevents disease spread.
Planting and Caring for New Pups
Establishing new Donkey Ear pups successfully involves specific considerations for their initial environment and ongoing care. Providing the right conditions helps ensure their transition into healthy, independent plants.
Soil and Potting
New Donkey Ear pups thrive in a well-draining soil mix, such as a commercial succulent or cactus blend. Creating your own mix by combining potting soil with perlite and coarse sand in equal parts works well. Small, shallow pots with drainage holes are suitable for starting pups, to prevent water pooling and root issues. Clay pots are often recommended because their porous nature improves aeration and absorbs excess moisture.
Planting Technique
To plant a pup, fill the chosen pot with the prepared soil mix and make a small indentation. Place the pup on the soil surface, ensuring any existing roots are covered, but leaving the leaves exposed. Position the plantlet so its base is stable and in contact with the soil. Gently press the soil around the base of the pup to secure it in place.
Initial Watering
After planting, water the soil lightly, just enough to moisten it, avoiding sogginess. Overwatering is a common issue for succulents and can lead to rot. Allow the soil to dry out almost completely between waterings to prevent rot. This initial light watering helps the pup settle into its new environment without excess moisture.
Light Requirements
Young Donkey Ear pups benefit from bright, indirect light. While mature plants can tolerate more direct sun, intense, unfiltered sunlight can scorch new plantlets. An east or west-facing window is often ideal for indoor cultivation, providing ample brightness without harsh direct sun. Gradually acclimating them to stronger light as they mature can improve their tolerance.
Ongoing Care
Once established, Donkey Ear plants prefer moderate watering, allowing the top 1 to 2 inches of soil to dry out before rewatering. During the growing season, watering may be needed every one to two weeks, while in cooler months, frequency should decrease. Fertilization can be applied sparingly during the active growing season, using a balanced, diluted succulent fertilizer every four to six weeks. Maintaining room temperatures between 65-80°F (18-27°C) supports their growth.
Common Questions and Tips for Pups
Several factors can influence the formation and health of Donkey Ear Plant pups. Addressing these concerns can help maximize propagation success.
Pups Not Forming
If pups are not forming on a Donkey Ear Plant, it may be due to insufficient light or the plant not yet reaching maturity. Ensuring the parent plant receives adequate bright, indirect light and is in a healthy, active growth state can encourage pup production.
Pups Shriveling
Pups may shrivel due to either underwatering or overwatering. Consistently dry soil can dehydrate pups. Conversely, waterlogged soil can cause root rot and shriveling. Check soil moisture regularly and adjust watering practices accordingly.
Encouraging More Pups
To encourage more pups, focus on maintaining a healthy mother plant. Providing optimal growing conditions, including appropriate light, consistent watering, and occasional feeding during the growing season, supports plant vigor.
Pest or Disease Issues
Donkey Ear plants are resistant to pests and diseases, but can be affected by common succulent issues like aphids, mealybugs, or spider mites. Fungal infections, such as root rot, are caused by overwatering and poor drainage. Regular inspection of the leaves and stems helps detect problems early. If pests are present, gently wiping the leaves or using non-toxic treatments like neem oil can manage infestations.