Curly philodendrons are a group of philodendron varieties known for their distinctively wavy, crinkled, or ruffled leaves. Their captivating aesthetic and relatively straightforward care make them popular additions to indoor plant collections for both new and experienced plant enthusiasts.
Identifying Your Curly Philodendron
Curly philodendrons are recognized by their unique leaf morphology, displaying prominent undulations, ruffles along the edges, or a textured, crinkled surface. While many philodendrons have rich green leaves, some curly varieties may exhibit reddish new growth or coppery tones that mature to a darker green.
These plants are often self-heading, growing upwards and outwards from a central point rather than vining, though some may still climb. Examples of curly philodendrons include:
‘Philodendron ‘Fun Bun” (Thaumatophyllum spruceanum or Philodendron goeldii), with long, slender stems and a fan of broad, green leaves that develop finger-like lobes.
‘Philodendron ‘Twisted Sister”, a fernleaf philodendron with funky, twisted, fern-like foliage.
‘Rojo Congo’, whose leaves emerge coppery red before maturing to deep green.
‘Prince of Orange’, showing a spectrum from bright orange to copper and then green.
Essential Care for Curly Philodendron
Ensuring the right environment helps your curly philodendron thrive and maintain its unique foliage. These tropical plants prefer conditions mimicking their native rainforest habitat. Consistent care in key areas promotes indoor flourishing.
Light Requirements
Curly philodendrons need bright, indirect light for vibrant coloration and healthy growth. Placing them near an east or west-facing window that receives filtered sunlight is ideal. Too much direct sunlight, especially harsh afternoon sun, can scorch their leaves. Conversely, insufficient light results in slower growth and less intense leaf coloration.
Watering Practices
Proper watering is important, as both overwatering and underwatering can cause stress. Allow the top inch or two of the soil to dry out before watering thoroughly. When watering, ensure excess water drains freely from the pot to prevent soggy soil, which can lead to root rot. Adjust watering frequency seasonally, requiring less water during cooler winter months.
Soil Composition
A well-draining, aerated potting mix is best for curly philodendrons. A suitable mix includes indoor potting soil, perlite, and orchid bark, providing moisture retention and good drainage. This substrate prevents root compaction, allowing for healthy oxygen exchange. A proper soil mix helps mitigate the risk of overwatering.
Temperature and Humidity
These plants thrive in warm temperatures, ideally 65°F to 85°F (18°C to 29°C). They are sensitive to cold drafts and temperatures below 50°F (10°C), which cause stress and drooping leaves. High humidity, above 50-60%, is also beneficial. Increase humidity by misting leaves, using a pebble tray, or a humidifier.
Fertilization and Repotting
During the active growing season (spring and summer), fertilize monthly with a balanced liquid fertilizer diluted to half strength. Reduce or stop fertilization in fall and winter when growth slows. Repot every one to two years, or when the plant becomes root-bound. Spring is the best time to repot.
Pruning for Shape and Health
Light pruning helps maintain shape and encourages bushier growth. Remove yellowing, damaged, or leggy stems to redirect energy to new foliage. This also improves air circulation. Regularly dust leaves with a damp cloth for efficient photosynthesis.
Common Issues and Troubleshooting
Even with proper care, curly philodendrons may encounter common issues. Recognizing signs and knowing how to respond helps keep your plant healthy. Problems often manifest through changes in leaves or overall plant vigor.
Pests and Diseases
Curly philodendrons are susceptible to common houseplant pests like spider mites, mealybugs, and thrips. Regularly inspect your plant, especially leaf undersides, for pests. If detected, isolate the plant and treat with horticultural soap or neem oil. While generally disease-free, good air circulation and avoiding overwatering prevent fungal issues.
Leaf Problems
Yellowing leaves indicate overwatering or a nutrient deficiency. If soil is soggy, it’s likely overwatering; allow soil to dry more between waterings.
Browning leaf tips or edges indicate low humidity, underwatering, or too much direct sunlight. Increase humidity and ensure consistent moisture.
Drooping leaves indicate underwatering, overwatering, or temperature stress. Check soil moisture to diagnose.
Slow or stunted new leaves may be due to insufficient light, water, or low humidity.
Soil salt buildup from tap water or over-fertilization may also cause leaves to curl or turn yellow. Using filtered water or letting tap water sit overnight helps reduce chlorine and other chemicals.