The “Crocodile Flower” is a captivating succulent known for its unusual name and distinctive appearance. It appeals to succulent enthusiasts and those seeking unique indoor plants. This intriguing plant offers a fascinating glimpse into the diverse world of succulents, combining visual interest with straightforward care.
Understanding the Crocodile Flower
The plant commonly known as “Crocodile Flower” is primarily associated with species within the Huernia genus, such as Huernia schneideriana. This genus belongs to the Apocynaceae family, which includes milkweeds and other succulents. Huernia species originate from the arid regions of Southern and Eastern Africa. They have adapted to dry, harsh environments by storing water in their stems, contributing to their resilience.
Distinctive Features and Appearance
The Crocodile Flower’s unique appearance gives it its common name. Its stems are typically glaucous green, angular, and often twisted, featuring surprisingly soft, thorn-like structures. These stems can grow erect, prostrate, or pendulous, sometimes developing a reddish or purplish tint when exposed to stronger light. The flowers are perhaps the most remarkable feature, emerging as star-shaped, five-lobed blooms, typically 1 to 2 inches in diameter.
The flowers display hues from reddish-brown to burgundy or purplish, often with a velvety reddish-black interior and a deep purple-black center. Their texture is frequently bumpy or wrinkled. While visually striking, these flowers also possess a faint carrion-like odor, a natural adaptation designed to attract flies for pollination.
Growing and Caring for Crocodile Flower
The plant thrives in bright, indirect light, though it can tolerate some direct morning or late evening sun. Excessive intense sunlight can scorch stems or cause undesirable yellowish or reddish discoloration. Placing it near a window with filtered light is often ideal for indoor cultivation.
A well-draining succulent or cactus mix is essential for potting. Sandy soil mimics the plant’s natural habitat and helps prevent water from pooling around the roots, which can lead to rot. Unglazed clay pots can further assist drainage by allowing excess moisture to evaporate more quickly.
Watering should follow the “soak and dry” method: water thoroughly only after the soil has completely dried out. During winter dormancy, reduce watering significantly, often to about once a month. Overwatering is a common issue and can quickly lead to root rot.
Crocodile Flowers prefer warm temperatures, ideally between 59°F and 80°F (15°C and 27°C). Protect them from temperatures below 50°F (10°C) and especially from frost. They prefer low humidity, so misting is not recommended, and good air circulation is beneficial. During the active growing season, a light feeding with a balanced, diluted succulent fertilizer can promote healthy growth and flowering. Fertilize sparingly, once a month, at half the recommended strength.
Propagating Crocodile Flower
Propagating the Crocodile Flower is readily achievable through stem cuttings. Select a healthy stem and make a clean cut. Allow the severed end to callus, or dry out, for several days (2 to 5 days). This callusing prevents rot once the cutting is planted.
Once callused, plant the cutting about half an inch deep into a well-draining succulent soil mix. Water lightly, ensuring the soil is moist but not soggy. Place the cutting in a bright location with indirect light. Roots typically form within a few weeks, establishing a new plant.
Common Issues and Solutions
Root rot is a frequent issue, primarily caused by overwatering and inadequate soil drainage. Signs include soft, mushy, discolored stems. Address this by reducing watering immediately and ensuring proper drainage. If the rot is severe, healthy stem sections can be cut, allowed to callus, and then re-rooted in fresh, dry soil.
Pests like mealybugs and scale can occasionally affect the plant. These are managed by physically removing them or treating affected areas with diluted rubbing alcohol or an appropriate insecticide.
Light-related problems also occur. Too much direct sun can lead to scorching or yellowing stems. Move the plant to a spot with brighter, indirect light or provide shade. Conversely, insufficient light can cause the plant to stretch and produce thin, weak growth, known as etiolation. Increasing light exposure, while avoiding harsh direct sun, promotes healthier development.