The Cathedral Bells plant is a favored choice for both indoor enthusiasts and outdoor gardens in suitable climates. This succulent is celebrated for its distinctive appearance, unusual foliage, and charming bell-shaped blooms. Its relatively straightforward care contributes to its widespread appeal, adding an exotic touch to various settings.
Understanding Cathedral Bells Plant
The Cathedral Bells plant, scientifically known as Kalanchoe pinnata or Bryophyllum pinnatum, is a succulent in the stonecrop family. Native to Madagascar, it has naturalized across many tropical and subtropical regions. It features sturdy, fleshy stems that can reach up to 6.6 feet. Its leaves are a notable characteristic, often appearing simple in young plants but developing into pinnately compound forms with three to five leaflets as they mature. These leaves are typically green, sometimes streaked with purple, and edged with orange-red, with distinctive scalloped margins.
The plant’s common name comes from its pendulous, bell-shaped flowers, which appear in large clusters, often in shades of red, pink, or yellow. Beyond its attractive flowers, the plant is known for its unique reproductive strategy: it produces tiny plantlets, or bulbils, along the scalloped edges of its mature leaves. These plantlets easily detach and root, leading to new plants. This prolific propagation method is why it is also commonly referred to as the “air plant” or “life plant.”
Essential Care for Cathedral Bells
Light
Cathedral Bells plants thrive in bright, indirect light, benefiting from at least six hours daily. Indoors, a south-facing or west-facing window is ideal for sufficient light exposure. While they tolerate some morning direct sunlight, intense afternoon sun can scorch leaves. Insufficient light causes leggy or stretched growth, indicating a need for a brighter location.
Soil
Well-draining soil is crucial for Cathedral Bells, preventing waterlogged conditions that harm roots. A commercial potting mix formulated for succulents or cacti works well. Alternatively, a homemade mix of two parts coconut coir, two parts coarse sand, and one part perlite provides excellent drainage. The plant prefers a loose, airy, and relatively rich soil composition.
Water
Watering Cathedral Bells involves a “soak and dry” method: water thoroughly until it drains from the pot, then allow the top two to three inches of soil to dry completely before the next watering. Overwatering is a common issue leading to root rot. During cooler, dormant periods, the plant requires less frequent watering.
Temperature and Humidity
Cathedral Bells prefer warm temperatures, ideally 70 to 80 degrees Fahrenheit during the day and 50 to 65 degrees Fahrenheit at night. They are sensitive to cold; prolonged exposure below 50 degrees Fahrenheit can cause damage or be fatal. The plant tolerates average household humidity levels and has no specific humidity requirements, making it adaptable to various indoor environments.
Fertilizer
Cathedral Bells are not heavy feeders and typically do not require extensive fertilization, especially in rich soil. If desired, apply a balanced houseplant or succulent fertilizer diluted to half strength. Fertilize during the active growing seasons of spring and summer, either monthly or every two to four weeks. Avoid fertilizing in fall and winter when the plant’s growth naturally slows.
Planting and Propagation
Planting Cathedral Bells can be done by transplanting young plants or starting from seeds, though seeds require a longer growing period. When transplanting, select a pot with good drainage and a slightly larger size to allow for growth. Ensure the plant is placed in well-draining succulent soil.
The most prolific propagation method for Cathedral Bells is through its unique leaf plantlets. These tiny plantlets develop along the scalloped margins of mature leaves. Growers can simply lay a mature leaf on well-draining soil, and the plantlets will root and develop into new plants. This method is easy and often yields numerous new individuals.
Propagation can also be achieved using stem cuttings. Select a healthy stem section, about six inches long, and allow the cut end to dry and form a callus for a day or two. This callusing process helps prevent rot. After callusing, plant the cutting in well-draining succulent soil and place it in bright, indirect light. Maintaining light moisture in the soil encourages root development.
Common Challenges and Solutions
Cathedral Bells plants are generally robust but can encounter a few common issues. Pests such as mealybugs, aphids, and spider mites can occasionally affect foliage. Regular inspection helps detect these insects early. If found, manage them by wiping with a cloth dipped in 70% isopropyl alcohol or by treating the plant with horticultural soap or neem oil.
Improper watering is another frequent challenge. Overwatering leads to root rot, preventing the plant from absorbing water and nutrients. Adhere to the “soak and dry” watering method, ensuring the soil dries out between waterings. Insufficient light can cause leggy, stretched growth and hinder flowering. Moving the plant to a brighter location with more indirect light corrects this issue and promotes healthier, more compact growth.
Toxicity and Safety
The Cathedral Bells plant, like many Kalanchoe species, contains compounds toxic if ingested. These plants contain cardiac glycosides, which can affect the heart. Ingestion often results in gastrointestinal upset like vomiting and diarrhea in pets; larger quantities can cause severe signs, including abnormal heart rhythms.
Exercise caution, especially in households with pets or small children. Dogs, cats, birds, and livestock are susceptible to the plant’s toxic effects. To ensure safety, position Cathedral Bells plants in inaccessible locations. Washing hands after handling the plant is also a good practice to minimize potential exposure.