The Candelabra Cactus, scientifically known as Euphorbia trigona, is a popular succulent with a unique, upright, and branched form. Native to Central and Southern Africa, its distinctive appearance resembles a candelabra, giving it its common name. Its tall, columnar stems, often dark green with V-shaped light green patterns, can reach significant heights. Despite its common name, it is not a true cactus but a member of the Euphorbia genus, which includes many succulents adapted to arid conditions.
Essential Candelabra Cactus Care
Caring for the Candelabra Cactus involves providing conditions that mimic its native arid environment.
Light Needs
The Candelabra Cactus thrives in bright, indirect light, though it tolerates some direct sun. Placing it near a south or west-facing window is ideal indoors. Too much direct sun can lead to brown spots or scorching. Insufficient light may result in leggy growth and discoloration.
Watering Practices
This succulent is drought-tolerant and stores water in its fleshy stems, making it susceptible to overwatering. A “soak and dry” method is recommended: water thoroughly until it drains, then allow the soil to dry out completely before watering again. In warmer months, watering may be needed every two to three weeks. In winter, watering should be significantly reduced or withheld, as cold, wet roots cause problems.
Soil Requirements
Well-draining soil is necessary to prevent root rot. A specialized cactus or succulent potting mix is suitable. Alternatively, combine potting soil with perlite or coarse sand. The soil should allow water to pass through quickly, preventing moisture retention.
Temperature and Humidity
Candelabra Cacti prefer warm, dry conditions, ideally thriving between 65°F and 85°F (18°C-29°C) during their active growing season. They withstand brief periods of cooler temperatures, but consistently below 50°F (10°C) can be detrimental. These plants tolerate typical indoor humidity levels and do not require additional humidity. Protect them from cold drafts.
Fertilization
During spring and summer, the Candelabra Cactus benefits from occasional fertilization. Apply a balanced, low-nitrogen or specific cactus/succulent fertilizer, diluted to half strength, monthly. Over-fertilization can lead to weak growth or fertilizer burn. Withhold fertilization completely during dormant fall and winter months.
Potting and Repotting
Repotting a Candelabra Cactus is not frequent due to its slow growth and small root system. It becomes necessary when the plant outgrows its container, typically every two to three years, or if it becomes top-heavy. A sturdy pot with drainage holes, such as terracotta, is suitable as it allows for better air circulation and prevents waterlogging.
When repotting, select a container only slightly larger than the previous one. Handle with care, wearing gloves to protect against the plant’s sharp spines and irritating milky sap (latex). After gently removing the plant and loosening any tangled roots, place it in the new pot with fresh, well-draining soil, watering lightly to help the soil settle.
Pruning for Health and Shape
Pruning the Candelabra Cactus helps manage its size, encourages branching, and removes damaged or leggy growth. The best time for pruning is during the active growing season, typically spring or early summer, allowing the plant to heal quickly.
When pruning, use clean, sharp tools for precise cuts. Wear heavy-duty gloves and eye protection due to the milky white sap (latex) that the plant exudes; this sap can cause skin irritation or be toxic if ingested. After pruning, allow cut surfaces to dry and callus over for several days before exposing them to moisture.
Troubleshooting Common Issues
Candelabra Cacti can experience issues. Identifying these signs early helps in prompt resolution.
Leggy growth, where stems appear stretched and thin, indicates inadequate light. Move the plant to a brighter location.
Yellowing or drooping stems often signal overwatering, which can lead to root rot. If stems feel soft or mushy, root rot is likely, and the plant should be removed to inspect roots for decay. Reducing watering frequency and ensuring soil dries completely between waterings can help. Conversely, yellow stems can also indicate underwatering, so check soil moisture.
Brown spots or scorching on the plant’s surface result from too much direct sunlight. Relocate the plant to a spot with bright, indirect light or provide some shade to prevent further damage.
Pest infestations can affect Candelabra Cacti, with mealybugs and spider mites being common. Treat with a cotton swab dipped in rubbing alcohol for mealybugs, or insecticidal soap or neem oil for both pests.