“Aurelia plants” commonly refers to Fatsia japonica, also known as Japanese Aralia or Paper Plant. This attractive foliage plant is popular for both indoor and outdoor cultivation due to its distinctive leaves and straightforward care. While Schefflera arboricola (Dwarf Schefflera) is sometimes associated with the name, this guide focuses on Fatsia japonica.
Understanding Aurelia Plants
Fatsia japonica is an evergreen shrub native to southern Japan and Korea. It features large, glossy, dark green leaves that are deeply lobed, giving rise to its common name, “Paper Plant.” This plant typically grows as a rounded, spreading shrub, though it can be trained into a small tree. Outdoors, it reaches 2 to 4 meters (7 to 13 feet) tall and wide, while indoor plants usually stay under 1.8 meters (6 feet).
Fatsia japonica produces white flowers in late autumn, followed by small black berries. While these offer some ornamental value, the plant is primarily grown for its dramatic foliage. Unlike Schefflera arboricola, Fatsia japonica tolerates cooler temperatures and lower light conditions better.
Aurelia Plant Care Requirements
Light
Fatsia japonica thrives in bright, indirect light or partial to full shade. Direct, intense sunlight can scorch or bleach the leaves. Indoors, place the plant near a window with diffused morning light, avoiding harsh afternoon sun. While adaptable to lower light, very dim conditions can lead to slower growth and less vibrant foliage.
Watering
Consistent moisture is important for Fatsia japonica. Keep the soil moist but not waterlogged, as excessive wetness can lead to root rot. Allow the top inch or two (2.5-5 cm) of soil to dry out between waterings, then saturate until water drains from the pot’s bottom. Reduce watering frequency during cooler autumn and winter months. Drooping leaves can indicate either overwatering or underwatering, so check soil moisture.
Soil
Fatsia japonica prefers moist, well-draining soil rich in organic matter. Good drainage is essential to prevent waterlogging. For container plants, a potting mix with high-quality potting soil, peat moss, compost, and perlite or coarse sand works well. A slightly acidic soil pH, between 5.5 and 6.5, is preferred.
Temperature and Humidity
Fatsia japonica prefers temperatures between 15–24°C (60–75°F) during its growing season. Outdoors, it tolerates temperatures down to -10°C (14°F), but benefits from protection from strong winds and severe frost. For indoor plants, maintain average room temperatures and avoid drafts or heating vents. While adaptable to average indoor humidity, it appreciates moderate to high humidity. Misting leaves or using a pebble tray can increase humidity.
Fertilizing
During spring and summer, Fatsia japonica benefits from regular fertilization. Apply a balanced liquid fertilizer, diluted to half strength, monthly, or use a slow-release granular fertilizer in spring. Reduce or cease fertilization during fall and winter when growth slows. Yellowing leaves can indicate a need for more nutrients.
Pruning and Maintenance
Pruning Fatsia japonica maintains its shape, size, and health. The best time for pruning is mid-spring, before new growth, or late winter. Remove any dead, damaged, or yellowing leaves to promote vigor. Cut back leggy growth to encourage a bushier form.
For shaping or size reduction, stems can be cut back, as new shoots typically emerge below the cut. Always use clean, sharp tools for precise cuts, minimizing plant stress and disease risk. Additionally, clean the large, glossy leaves occasionally with a damp cloth to remove dust, improving light absorption.
Propagating Aurelia Plants
Propagating Fatsia japonica is commonly done through semi-ripe stem cuttings taken in late summer or spring. Select a healthy stem 10-20 cm (4-8 inches) long. Remove lower leaves, leaving a few at the top, and dip the cut end in rooting hormone powder.
Plant the cutting into a pot with a moist, well-draining rooting medium. Cover the pot with a plastic bag or use a propagator to maintain consistent humidity and temperature. Roots typically develop within a few weeks to a month. While seed propagation is possible, it is slower, and variegated cultivars may not grow true to type from seed.
Common Issues and Solutions
Fatsia japonica is a robust plant, but can face issues related to environmental factors or pests. Leaf discoloration is common. Yellowing leaves can signal overwatering, insufficient nutrients, or natural shedding of older leaves. If soil is waterlogged, allow it to dry and improve drainage.
Brown, crispy leaves often indicate underwatering or low humidity. Increase watering or mist the plant. Too much direct sunlight can also cause leaves to brown and curl; move the plant to a shadier spot. Common pests include spider mites, scale insects, thrips, aphids, and mealybugs. Manage these by isolating affected plants and using horticultural oils or insecticidal soaps. Regular inspection and good air circulation help prevent severe infestations.