Cultivating plants in water without soil, known as “agua plants,” offers a distinct aesthetic. This method allows intricate root systems to be visible through clear containers, providing a visually appealing and low-maintenance way to bring greenery indoors. It is a straightforward and attractive option for both novice and experienced plant enthusiasts.
What Are Agua Plants
Plants called “agua plants” are categorized by their adaptability to water culture. True aquatic plants, like water lilies, naturally grow submerged. However, “agua plants” typically refer to terrestrial houseplants that thrive solely in water.
Many popular houseplants adapt well to a soilless, water-based environment. This group includes Pothos, Philodendron, Lucky Bamboo, Spider Plants, Chinese Evergreen, Peace Lily, and some herbs like rosemary or mint. These plants are often started as cuttings and develop robust root systems directly in water.
Starting Your Agua Plant
Start an agua plant by selecting appropriate, healthy stem cuttings from a mature parent plant. Cuttings should have at least two to three nodes, where leaves and roots emerge. Remove any leaves that would be submerged to prevent decay and water contamination.
Choose a clear glass container like a jar, vase, or bottle. Clear containers allow for easy monitoring of root development and water clarity, though they can promote algae if exposed to excessive light. Use filtered, distilled, or dechlorinated tap water; let tap water sit for 24 hours to dissipate chlorine. Place the cutting, ensuring at least one node is fully submerged for root formation.
The initial placement of your agua plant is important for encouraging root growth. A location with bright, indirect light is best, as direct sunlight can be too intense and encourage algae. Maintain a consistent room temperature, typically 65°F to 75°F (18°C to 24°C), to support healthy root initiation.
Caring For Agua Plants
Ongoing care for agua plants involves maintaining water quality and providing nutrients. Regular weekly water changes are important to replenish oxygen levels and prevent the water from becoming stagnant or depleted of beneficial elements. Topping off evaporated water is insufficient, as it leads to impurity buildup and oxygen decrease. During changes, gently rinse roots and the container to remove debris or film.
Since water-grown plants lack soil nutrients, a liquid nutrient solution is necessary for sustained growth. Add a diluted hydroponic or general liquid houseplant fertilizer, typically at one-quarter to one-half strength, every two to four weeks. Consistent bright, indirect light is important for most agua plants. Additionally, ensure good root health by observing roots during water changes; healthy roots appear white or light-colored and firm.
Solving Common Agua Plant Problems
Algae development is a frequent challenge, appearing as green or brown growth on the container walls and sometimes on the roots. This occurs with too much direct light. To manage algae, move the plant to less intense light and regularly clean the container during weekly water changes. Opaque containers can also prevent algae by blocking light.
Root rot can affect water-grown plants if water isn’t changed regularly, leading to a lack of oxygen and the proliferation of anaerobic bacteria. Symptoms include mushy, discolored (brown or black) roots and an unpleasant odor. To address this, remove the plant, trim affected roots with clean scissors, and thoroughly clean the container before refilling with fresh, dechlorinated water. Consistent water changes are the primary preventative measure.
Nutrient deficiencies often appear as yellowing leaves, stunted growth, or a general lack of vigor in the plant, indicating insufficient minerals. The solution is consistent fertilization with a balanced liquid nutrient solution at the recommended dilution rate every few weeks. While less common, pests like fungus gnats can be attracted to stagnant water. Improve air circulation and ensure regular water changes to deter these pests.