Alstroemeria psittacina, also known as Parrot Lily or Peruvian Lily, is a striking perennial native to Brazil, Argentina, and Paraguay. Its unique, exotic blooms feature green-tipped, crimson flowers with mahogany streaks, resembling a parrot’s plumage. Growing in dense clumps, it produces showy flowers on 2-3 foot stems from mid-summer to early fall. This resilient, low-maintenance plant attracts hummingbirds and bees, making it a popular choice for gardeners.
Essential Care Requirements
Light
Parrot Lily thrives in full sun to partial shade, ideally with at least six hours of direct sunlight daily. In hotter climates, afternoon shade protects the plant from intense sun, which can reduce flower production. Optimal blooming occurs with ample sunlight, though it tolerates light shade.
Watering
Consistent moisture is important for Alstroemeria psittacina, but avoid waterlogging. The plant needs about 1-2 inches of water weekly from rain or irrigation. Water when the top few inches of soil feel dry. Deep watering encourages robust root development; avoid frequent shallow watering. Adjust frequency based on weather, increasing in hot, dry periods and decreasing in cooler conditions.
Soil
Well-drained, fertile soil is necessary for Parrot Lily. It performs well in sandy loam to loam, preferring a slightly acidic to neutral pH (6.0-7.5). Incorporating organic matter like compost improves fertility and drainage, benefiting sensitive rhizomes prone to rot in poorly drained conditions. Raised beds also enhance drainage and support robust root development.
Temperature and Humidity
Parrot Lily prefers daytime temperatures of 60-80°F (15-27°C) for optimal growth and flowering. While it tolerates up to 90°F (32°C), flower production may decline in extreme heat. The plant thrives in moderately humid conditions (50-60% relative humidity). Good air circulation helps prevent diseases, especially in humid climates. Alstroemeria psittacina is hardy in USDA Plant Hardiness Zones 7-10, with some varieties extending to Zone 5 with proper care.
Fertilizing
Regular fertilization supports healthy growth and abundant blooms for Alstroemeria psittacina. During the active growing season, apply a balanced liquid fertilizer, diluted to half strength, every 2-3 weeks. Alternatively, use a low-dose organic granular fertilizer. Discontinue fertilizing after September to prepare the plant for dormancy. Excessive nitrogen promotes leafy growth over flowers; adjust fertilizer if floppy growth occurs.
Ongoing Maintenance
Pruning and Deadheading
Deadheading spent flower stems encourages continuous blooming and maintains the plant’s appearance. Instead of cutting, gently pull the entire stem from the plant’s base. This stimulates new shoots and flowers, reinvigorating the central crown. Regularly remove any damaged or diseased foliage to contribute to the plant’s overall health.
Winter Care
In colder climates, specific winter care helps Alstroemeria psittacina survive dormancy. After fall frosts cause foliage to die back, apply a 2-4 inch layer of shredded bark, leaves, or straw around the plant. This mulch insulates tubers from extreme cold, especially during the first two winters when the root system is less established. For container-grown plants, move them to a frost-free location like an unheated greenhouse or cool porch, as potted roots are more exposed to cold.
Addressing Common Issues
While generally problem-free, Alstroemeria psittacina can face challenges. Yellowing leaves may indicate nutrient deficiencies (e.g., in alkaline soil) or water issues like overwatering or insufficient moisture. Ensure adequate drainage and consistent watering to prevent root rot, which causes wilting or yellowing foliage.
Lack of blooms often stems from insufficient sunlight, over-fertilization, or overcrowded rhizomes. Provide recommended light and fertilization to encourage flowering. Slugs and snails may target young shoots; hand-picking is an effective control. Though disease-resistant, root rot can occur in overly wet conditions. Fungal problems like leaf spot can be mitigated with good air circulation and proper drainage.
Propagation
The most common and effective propagation method for Alstroemeria psittacina is dividing its tuberous rhizomes. Perform this in early spring or autumn when the plant is dormant or has minimal growth. Carefully dig up the plant and gently separate rhizomes, ensuring each division has a healthy section and active shoots. Replant divisions immediately into well-prepared soil, about 6 inches deep and 12-18 inches apart, for quick establishment. Soaking tubers for 24 hours before planting can promote germination. While seed propagation is possible, germination rates are low and inconsistent, often taking 2-3 years for plants to bloom.
Important Safety Notes
Alstroemeria psittacina contains compounds that can cause skin irritation or allergic reactions upon contact. Wear gloves when handling the plant, especially during pruning or dividing, to minimize exposure. While specific ingestion toxicity for this species is not widely detailed, many Alstroemeriaceae family plants can cause mild gastrointestinal upset if ingested. Keep all garden plants out of reach of children and pets.