The Tiger Fern (Nephrolepis exaltata ‘Tiger’) is a popular houseplant known for its distinctive striped fronds. This variegated Boston fern cultivar features green foliage with chartreuse to yellow streaks. Originating from tropical regions, its straightforward care makes it a favored choice for indoor gardeners.
Tiger Fern Care Essentials
Light
Tiger Ferns thrive in bright, indirect light, similar to their natural shaded habitat. An east-facing window providing filtered sunlight is ideal. Direct sun exposure can scorch fronds, causing damage. Conversely, too much shade results in sparse or dull foliage.
Watering
Consistent moisture is important for Tiger Ferns, which prefer perpetually moist but not waterlogged soil. Water when the top inch or two of soil feels slightly dry, typically every three to four days. Overwatering can lead to root rot. When watering, flush the plant thoroughly until water drains from the bottom of the pot.
Humidity
Tiger Ferns require high humidity. Low humidity can cause frond tips to turn brown and crispy. To increase moisture, place the pot on a pebble tray, use a room humidifier, or mist the foliage regularly. Grouping the fern with other plants can also create a localized microclimate.
Soil and Potting
A well-draining, moisture-retentive potting mix is suitable for Tiger Ferns. A mixture rich in organic matter, such as peat-based soil with added perlite, sphagnum moss, or orchid bark, provides aeration and drainage. The soil pH should be slightly acidic, between 5.0 and 6.5. Good drainage holes in the pot are essential to prevent water accumulation and root problems.
Temperature
Tiger Ferns prefer average room temperatures, ranging between 65°F and 75°F (18°C-24°C). Avoid extreme temperatures. Keep the plant away from cold drafts from windows or air conditioning vents, and direct heat sources like radiators, which can cause frond browning.
Fertilizing
During the active growing season (spring through early fall), Tiger Ferns benefit from light fertilization. Use a balanced liquid fertilizer diluted to half or quarter strength, applied monthly or every 4-6 weeks. Ferns are sensitive to over-fertilization, which can damage roots and cause frond burn. Reduce or stop fertilization during cooler, dormant months.
Repotting and General Maintenance
Tiger Ferns need repotting when root-bound, indicated by roots growing out of drainage holes or slowed growth. The best time is spring, before new growth. Choose a pot only one size larger to prevent excess moisture retention. Gently remove the fern, place it in the new container with fresh potting mix, and fill around the root ball, avoiding deep burial of the crown.
Routine maintenance includes pruning and dusting. Remove yellowed, brown, or dead fronds by cutting them at the base to encourage new growth. This also improves air circulation. Periodically, gently wipe fronds with a soft, damp cloth to remove accumulated dust, which can hinder photosynthesis.
Troubleshooting Common Issues
Brown tips or crispy leaves often indicate insufficient humidity or underwatering. Increase humidity with misting, pebble trays, or a humidifier. Adjust watering to keep soil consistently moist, not soggy.
Yellowing leaves can signal overwatering, nutrient deficiencies, or too much direct sunlight. If soil is soggy, allow it to dry slightly between waterings. Move plants receiving harsh light to a bright, indirect location. A diluted fertilizer application during the growing season can address nutrient deficiencies.
Tiger Ferns can be affected by pests like spider mites or mealybugs. Inspect fronds regularly for signs of infestation. For minor issues, wipe leaves with a damp cloth. Persistent problems may require insecticidal soap or neem oil.
If your Tiger Fern shows a lack of growth, review its environmental conditions. Ensure adequate indirect light, consistent moisture, and sufficient humidity. Confirm the pot size is appropriate, as being root-bound can slow growth. Providing a balanced, diluted fertilizer during the growing season can support healthier growth.