The “Skyscraper Plant,” botanically known as Strelitzia nicolai, is a tropical plant recognized for its impressive vertical growth. Its large, paddle-shaped leaves resemble those of a banana plant, making it a popular choice for adding a bold, tropical aesthetic to indoor spaces.
Understanding the Skyscraper Plant
Strelitzia nicolai is an evergreen perennial with an upright growth habit. Native to coastal forests in southeastern South Africa, it can reach 20 to 30 feet tall outdoors, with clumps spreading up to 10 feet wide. Indoors, it typically grows 3 to 8 feet, though some can reach 20 feet under ideal conditions. Its large, grey-green leaves, up to 6.5 feet long and 2 feet wide, are arranged in a fan-like pattern. These leaves naturally split and fray over time, an adaptation to strong winds that allows light to reach lower parts of the plant. Over many years, it develops a woody, trunk-like stem. While it can produce white and bluish-purple flowers resembling a crane’s head, flowering is less common for indoor plants and may take several years.
Essential Care for Skyscraper Plants
Light Needs
Strelitzia nicolai thrives in bright, indirect light. Placing it near a sunny window or in a well-lit room with ample filtered sunlight is ideal. While it tolerates some direct sunlight, especially in cooler climates, intense direct sun can scorch its large leaves, causing browning or yellowing. Insufficient light leads to slow growth, smaller leaves, and a leggy appearance as the plant stretches toward light sources.
Watering Practices
Allow the top inch or two of soil to dry out between waterings. When watering, thoroughly drench the soil until water drains from the pot’s bottom. Proper drainage is important to prevent waterlogging, as Strelitzia nicolai is susceptible to root rot.
During the spring and summer growing season, water more frequently, possibly two to three times per week. Reduce frequency in fall and winter. Yellowing, droopy, or splitting leaves indicate overwatering, while brown, crispy edges suggest underwatering or low humidity.
Soil Requirements
Strelitzia nicolai needs a well-draining soil mix rich in organic matter. A blend of equal parts peat moss, perlite, and potting soil provides good aeration and drainage, preventing water from pooling. Other components like coconut coir, vermiculite, pumice, and activated charcoal also promote drainage. The plant prefers a slightly acidic to neutral soil pH, typically between 6.0 and 7.5.
Temperature and Humidity
Strelitzia nicolai prefers warm temperatures, ideally 65°F to 75°F (18°C to 24°C). It tolerates up to 80°F (27°C) but not below 50°F (10°C). Stable temperatures are beneficial, as sudden changes can cause stress. The plant thrives in high humidity, preferably 60% to 70%, mimicking its native tropical environment. To increase indoor humidity, mist leaves regularly, place the pot on a pebble tray with water, or use a humidifier.
Fertilization
During the active growing season (spring and summer), Strelitzia nicolai benefits from regular fertilization. Apply a balanced, water-soluble liquid fertilizer monthly or every two weeks. A high nitrogen liquid fertilizer can also be used for fast-growing foliage. Dilute the fertilizer to half-strength to prevent root burn. Reduce or stop fertilization during the dormant fall and winter months.
Potting and Repotting
Choosing the right pot size is important for Strelitzia nicolai. The plant prefers to be slightly pot-bound, which can encourage flowering in mature plants. Repot every 18-24 months, or when roots appear at the soil surface, selecting a pot only 2-4 inches larger in diameter. Terracotta pots are beneficial for breathability, and any pot must have ample drainage holes to prevent water accumulation.
To repot, water the plant a day prior to reduce stress. Gently remove it from its old pot, inspect roots, and trim any dead or rotting sections. Place a layer of fresh, well-draining potting mix at the bottom of the new pot, position the plant, and fill around the root ball. After repotting, water thoroughly and place the plant in bright, indirect light, avoiding direct sunlight for a few weeks to allow adjustment.
Propagating Skyscraper Plants
The most common and effective method for propagating Strelitzia nicolai is by dividing its root clumps or offsets. This is best done when the plant is mature with multiple stems, typically every 3 to 5 years. To divide, carefully remove the plant from its pot and gently separate the rhizomes, ensuring each new section has healthy roots and at least one stem. Trim any damaged roots with clean, sharp scissors.
Replant each division into its own pot with fresh, well-draining potting mix. Water thoroughly and place in a warm, bright location away from direct sunlight. Maintaining high humidity around new plants can aid establishment. While propagation from seed is possible, it is slower and more challenging.
Troubleshooting Common Issues
Strelitzia nicolai shows signs when care adjustments are needed. Yellowing leaves, especially with drooping, often indicate overwatering or poor drainage. Browning leaf tips or edges suggest underwatering or insufficient humidity. Curling leaves may also indicate underwatering or pests.
Common pests include spider mites, mealybugs, and scale insects. Regularly inspect the plant for these pests and address infestations promptly with treatments like horticultural oils or insecticidal soaps to prevent widespread damage. Proper air circulation also helps deter pests.
Displaying Your Skyscraper Plant
The size and tropical appearance of Strelitzia nicolai make it a good focal point in a home. Its large leaves and upright growth habit demand ample space, so choose a location where it can grow unconstricted. Bright corners or well-lit areas near windows are suitable, provided the light is indirect to prevent leaf scorching. Rotate the plant monthly to encourage even growth and light exposure.
In USDA Zones 9-11, Strelitzia nicolai can be grown outdoors. It thrives in warm, frost-free environments and is often used in tropical landscaping. Outdoors, it benefits from protection from strong winds, which can tear its leaves. Its presence enhances both indoor and outdoor settings.