The Rhoeo plant, scientifically known as Tradescantia spathacea and commonly called Moses-in-the-cradle or Boat Lily, is a popular perennial for both novice and experienced plant enthusiasts. It is admired for its striking sword-shaped foliage, which typically features deep green tops and vibrant purple undersides. Its distinctive coloration and relatively straightforward care requirements make it an excellent option for adding tropical charm to indoor spaces.
Rhoeo Plant Essential Care
Light Requirements
Rhoeo plants thrive in bright, indirect light, which helps maintain their colorful foliage. A south or east-facing window is often ideal, providing enough light without the scorching intensity of direct sun. Too little light can cause colors to fade and stems to become leggy. Conversely, excessive direct sunlight can bleach or scorch leaves.
Watering Practices
Rhoeo plants prefer consistently moist, but not soggy, soil. Allow the top inch or two of soil to dry out between waterings to prevent overwatering and root rot. Water more frequently during the warmer growing seasons (spring and summer) and reduce watering in cooler months. Water thoroughly until it drains from the bottom, discarding any excess.
Soil Preferences
A well-draining soil mix is important for Rhoeo plants to prevent waterlogging and promote healthy root development. A general all-purpose potting mix works well, often benefiting from amendments like perlite or coarse sand to enhance drainage and aeration. Such a soil structure ensures roots receive adequate oxygen, preventing conditions that lead to root rot.
Temperature and Humidity Needs
Rhoeo plants prefer warm environments, with ideal temperatures ranging from 60-85°F (16-29°C). They are sensitive to cold and should be protected from temperatures below 50°F (10°C), drafts, and sudden fluctuations. While Rhoeo tolerates average household humidity, it thrives in higher levels (40-70%). Increase humidity by misting leaves, placing the pot on a pebble tray, or using a humidifier.
Fertilizing Guidelines
During the active growing season (spring through summer), Rhoeo plants benefit from monthly fertilization. A balanced liquid fertilizer diluted to half strength is recommended. This supports vibrant growth and maintains colorful foliage. Avoid over-fertilizing, which can harm the plant, especially during dormant winter months when feeding should be reduced or stopped.
Propagating Rhoeo Plants
Rhoeo plants are easy to propagate, primarily through division or stem cuttings.
Division
For division, gently remove the plant from its pot and separate natural clumps or “pups” with their own root systems. Plant each separated section into its own pot with fresh potting mix.
Stem Cuttings
For stem cuttings, select healthy stems 4-6 inches long, ensuring each has at least a couple of leaves. Root these cuttings in water or directly in a well-draining soil mixture. When planting in soil, insert the cut end into the medium, ensuring a leaf node is below the surface, and keep the soil moist until roots develop.
Repotting Rhoeo Plants
Repotting Rhoeo plants is necessary when they outgrow their containers, typically every 1-2 years for young plants or 3-5 years for mature ones. Signs include roots circling the pot or emerging from drainage holes, water draining too quickly, or stunted growth. The best time for repotting is late spring or during the growing season. Choose a new pot only slightly larger (1-2 inches wider) than the previous one, as a pot that is too large can lead to overwatering. Ensure the new pot has adequate drainage holes and use fresh, well-draining potting mix.
Addressing Common Rhoeo Plant Problems
Rhoeo plants are robust, but can encounter common issues. Yellowing leaves often indicate overwatering; allow the soil to dry more between waterings. Browning leaf tips result from low humidity or inconsistent watering, requiring increased moisture or adjusted routine. Leggy growth or faded leaf colors suggest insufficient light; move the plant to a brighter location.
Root rot, caused by overwatering and poor drainage, leads to mushy, discolored roots. If suspected, inspect and trim affected roots, then repot in fresh, well-draining soil. While resistant, Rhoeo plants can attract pests like spider mites or mealybugs, managed by wiping leaves or using insecticidal soap.