The licorice plant, botanically known as Helichrysum petiolare, is a popular ornamental recognized for its distinctive silvery-gray, fuzzy foliage. Some varieties release a subtle licorice-like aroma, especially in warm weather. This tender perennial is often used for its trailing habit and soft texture, serving as an accent in containers, hanging baskets, or as groundcover.
Essential Growing Conditions
Light
Licorice plants thrive in full sun, which encourages vibrant foliage color and robust growth. While they tolerate partial shade, insufficient light leads to leggy stems and less pronounced silvery coloration. Provide at least six hours of direct sunlight daily for optimal appearance. In hotter climates, afternoon shade can prevent leaf scorching and excessive drying.
Soil
Well-draining soil is essential for licorice plants to prevent root rot. A mix incorporating sand or perlite enhances drainage, especially in denser garden soils. While the plant tolerates poor soils, it benefits from organic matter for improved structure and nutrient content. An ideal soil pH ranges from slightly acidic to neutral, typically between 6.0 and 7.5.
Watering
Once established, licorice plants are drought tolerant, reflecting their adaptation to drier environments. Consistent moisture benefits healthy growth, particularly during hot, dry periods. Allow the top inch or two of soil to dry completely between waterings to prevent overwatering. Checking soil moisture ensures adequate hydration without waterlogging.
Temperature and Humidity
Licorice plants prefer warm temperatures, thriving between 60°F and 100°F (15°C to 38°C). They are sensitive to frost and do not tolerate freezing temperatures for extended periods. While they appreciate dry heat, high humidity can lead to fungal diseases. Good air circulation and lower humidity levels are suitable for their long-term health.
Ongoing Maintenance
Fertilizing
Licorice plants are not heavy feeders and do not require extensive fertilization. If soil is poor, incorporating compost or organic material at planting provides sufficient nutrients. For established plants, apply a balanced liquid fertilizer once or twice during the active growing season. Avoid over-fertilizing, which can lead to excessive growth or root burn.
Pruning
Regular pruning maintains the plant’s shape, promotes bushier growth, and prevents legginess. Pinching back young stem tips encourages branching and a fuller appearance. Trim overgrown or straggly stems in late winter or early spring to invigorate new growth. Removing any dead or damaged sections contributes to the plant’s overall health.
Troubleshooting Common Issues
Yellowing leaves often indicate improper watering, either overwatering (leading to root damage) or underwatering (causing lack of moisture uptake). Nutrient deficiencies, such as lack of nitrogen or iron, can also cause yellowing. Adjusting the watering schedule and ensuring proper drainage often resolves these symptoms.
Leggy growth, with stretched stems and sparse foliage, signals insufficient light. Moving the plant to a location with more direct sunlight can enhance foliage density. Regular pruning also prevents legginess by encouraging a bushier habit.
Licorice plants can occasionally encounter pests like aphids, spider mites, or whiteflies. Regular inspection aids early detection and timely intervention. Ensuring good air circulation also helps deter pest infestations and fungal issues.
Winter Care and Overwintering
In colder winter regions, licorice plants are typically treated as annuals. As tender perennials, they are hardy only in USDA Zones 9-11, surviving outdoors year-round. Gardeners in colder climates can overwinter plants indoors. Before the first frost, bring container-grown plants inside to a cool, bright location and reduce watering. This allows the soil to dry more thoroughly between applications, helping the plant enter a semi-dormant state until warmer weather returns.