The Kangaroo Fern ( Polypodium diversifolium or Microsorum diversifolium) is a captivating houseplant known for its unique fronds resembling a kangaroo’s paw. Native to Australia and New Zealand, this fern is easy to care for, making it suitable for all plant enthusiasts. Its rhizomatic growth allows it to spread, even climbing out of its pot, making it an attractive indoor addition.
Essential Care for Kangaroo Ferns
Light
Kangaroo Ferns flourish in bright, indirect light, mimicking their natural habitat. East or north-facing windows are ideal, providing ample light without harsh direct sun. Direct sunlight can scorch leaves, causing browning. If natural light is limited, artificial lighting can support growth, though insufficient light may result in sparse foliage.
Watering
Kangaroo Ferns prefer consistent moisture but tolerate brief dry periods. Water thoroughly when the top inch of soil feels dry, ensuring drainage. Overwatering causes root rot (mushy roots, yellowing foliage), so avoid soggy conditions. Reduce watering in cooler months; check weekly in warm periods, bi-weekly in cool.
Soil Requirements
A well-draining, airy, moisture-retentive potting mix is ideal for Kangaroo Ferns. Blends often include peat moss or coco coir for moisture, with perlite or orchid bark for drainage and aeration. The soil pH should be slightly acidic, ranging from 5.5 to 6.5. Good drainage prevents waterlogging, which is detrimental.
Temperature and Humidity
Kangaroo Ferns thrive in average room temperatures (65-75°F / 18-24°C). They tolerate temperatures as low as 50°F (10°C), though growth may be affected. They appreciate higher humidity, reflecting their native humid forests. Increase humidity in dry indoor settings with a pebble tray, grouping plants, or a humidifier.
Fertilizing
Kangaroo Ferns are not heavy feeders. During active growth (spring/summer), apply a balanced liquid houseplant fertilizer diluted to half strength monthly. Reduce or cease fertilization in fall/winter when growth slows. Over-fertilization can brown frond tips.
Repotting Your Kangaroo Fern
Repotting is necessary when the plant outgrows its container, typically every two to three years. Spring is ideal for repotting, as new growth appears. Choose a pot 2 inches (5 cm) larger with adequate drainage.
Carefully remove the fern, gently loosening the root ball. Trim dead or damaged roots with a sterile tool. Replant with fresh, well-draining potting mix, maintaining the previous soil level. This process encourages new growth.
Propagating Kangaroo Ferns
Rhizome division is the most common and successful propagation method. Perform this during repotting, ideally in late winter or early spring as new growth emerges. Carefully remove the plant and gently loosen soil around its rhizomes.
Identify natural divisions, ensuring each section has healthy fronds and rhizomes. Use a sterile knife to cut through rhizomes, separating the plant. Plant each division in its own pot with fresh potting mix, ensuring rhizomes contact the medium but are not buried. Keep new divisions in a warm spot with indirect light and consistent moisture until new growth establishes. While spore propagation is possible, it is a more advanced and time-consuming method.
Troubleshooting Common Issues
Browning fronds often indicate low humidity or underwatering. Dry air, especially near heat sources, can crisp frond edges; increase humidity with a pebble tray or humidifier. Pale or stunted growth, and small leaves, signal insufficient light. Move the plant to a brighter, indirect light location to improve its vigor.
Yellowing leaves frequently symptomize overwatering, leading to root rot. Ensure the pot has good drainage and allow the soil surface to dry slightly between waterings to prevent this. If yellowing occurs infrequently, it may be a normal part of the plant’s aging process. Common pests like mealybugs, scale, and fungus gnats can affect Kangaroo Ferns, especially if stressed. Address environmental stressors and treat infestations with organic pesticides or manual removal.