The Jerusalem cherry (Solanum pseudocapsicum) is a popular ornamental plant, often cultivated as a houseplant or small garden shrub in suitable climates. Known for its vibrant, cherry-like berries that emerge in fall and winter, it’s a favored choice for indoor decoration, especially around the holidays. Its ability to thrive in containers allows for versatile placement.
Key Characteristics and Identification
The Jerusalem cherry is an evergreen, bushy shrub, typically growing 1 to 3 feet tall. Its foliage consists of dark green, glossy leaves that are elliptical to lance-shaped, often with wavy edges. Leaves are 1 to 3 inches long, smooth or sparsely hairy.
In summer, small, star-shaped flowers emerge, white or light purple. These blooms appear individually or in small clusters. After flowering, the plant produces distinctive berries, initially green. As they mature, these round to oval fruits transition from yellow and orange to bright red, resembling small cherries. These colorful berries, 0.5 to 1 inch in diameter, are the primary attractive feature, persisting through fall and winter.
Toxicity and Safety Concerns
All parts of the Jerusalem cherry plant, especially its attractive berries, are toxic if ingested. The plant contains poisonous alkaloids, similar to solanine. Ingestion can lead to significant health issues.
Symptoms in humans, especially children, can include fever, headache, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and abdominal pain. More severe reactions may involve decreased body temperature, slow pulse, slowed breathing, dilated pupils, vision abnormalities, delirium, shock, and even paralysis. For pets (dogs, cats, birds), ingestion can cause similar gastrointestinal and nervous system disturbances.
Immediate action is necessary if ingestion is suspected. Contact poison control (1-800-222-1222 in the United States) or a veterinarian immediately for guidance. Do not induce vomiting unless instructed by a medical professional. To prevent accidental ingestion, always place Jerusalem cherry plants out of reach of children and pets.
Cultivation and Care Guide
Jerusalem cherry thrives in bright, indirect light, with some direct morning or evening sunlight. Insufficient light can lead to leaf drop or poor berry production. Indoors, a north or east-facing windowsill is suitable.
Water thoroughly when the top inch of soil feels dry. Avoid overwatering, which can lead to root rot. During active growth (spring and summer), water regularly (about once a week), reducing frequency in fall and winter as growth slows. It prefers well-draining, rich potting mix (pH 6.0-7.5). A mix of potting soil, coarse sand, and peat or coir provides optimal drainage and aeration.
Jerusalem cherry prefers moderate temperatures, between 60-75°F (15-24°C). Temperatures above 72°F (22°C) can cause foliage and flower drop; frequent misting helps maintain humidity in dry indoor environments. Fertilize every 2-4 weeks during active growth (spring and summer) with a balanced, half-strength water-soluble fertilizer. Reduce or discontinue fertilization in fall and winter.
Prune in spring after berries drop to maintain shape and encourage bushier growth. Gently shaking the plant during flowering assists with pollination and encourages better berry production, especially for indoor plants.
Propagation and Common Problems
Jerusalem cherry can be propagated from seeds and stem cuttings. For seeds, collect from ripe berries and sow in early spring in a well-draining potting mix. Cover lightly, keep moist and warm in indirect sunlight. Germination takes 2-3 weeks.
Stem cuttings are often preferred and taken in late spring to early summer. Select a healthy 4-6 inch stem section with at least three leaf sets. Remove bottom leaves and, optionally, dip the cut end in rooting hormone.
Plant in a well-draining rooting medium (e.g., potting soil, sand, or perlite) and keep consistently moist. High humidity, perhaps by covering with a plastic bag, aids rooting. Once roots establish and new growth appears, transplant to a larger pot.
Common problems include aphids and spider mites, managed with insecticidal soap or neem oil. Overwatering frequently causes root rot and leaf yellowing, highlighting the need for proper drainage and careful watering. Environmental stresses like too much sun or water can lead to leaf drop. Lack of berries may indicate insufficient light or a need for manual pollination, especially indoors. Diseases like fungal leaf blight can cause brown spots and wilting leaves, often exacerbated by high humidity. Proper air circulation and pruning affected parts can help.