The jaw plant, scientifically known as Faucaria tigrina, is a distinctive succulent recognized for its unique foliage. Its common name, “Tiger’s Jaws,” comes from the triangular, fleshy leaves that feature soft, tooth-like appendages along their edges, creating a striking resemblance to an animal’s open mouth. This fascinating plant is native to the arid regions of South Africa, where it thrives in rocky, well-draining soils. It is a low-growing perennial that forms star-shaped rosettes, making it a popular choice for succulent enthusiasts.
Jaw Plant Care Essentials
Jaw plants thrive when provided with specific environmental conditions that mimic their natural habitat. These conditions encourage healthy growth and the production of characteristic yellow, daisy-like flowers, which typically appear in the fall.
Light Needs
Jaw plants need ample bright light, ideally at least six hours of direct sunlight daily. Indoors, a south-facing window provides necessary intensity. In very hot climates, protect plants from intense midday sun to prevent scorching. Insufficient light causes etiolation, where the plant stretches and becomes leggy, losing its compact form.
Watering
Jaw plants are highly susceptible to root rot from overwatering. Use the “soak and dry” method, allowing the soil to dry completely between waterings. During the spring through fall growing season, water thoroughly until it drains from the pot’s bottom. Reduce watering significantly during winter dormancy, providing only minimal water to prevent leaves from shriveling.
Soil Requirements
Well-draining soil is crucial for jaw plants to prevent waterlogging. A specialized succulent or cactus potting mix is ideal. Enhance drainage by adding amendments like perlite, coarse sand, or pumice. Due to their shallow root system, these plants can be grown in shallow pans or half-pots.
Temperature and Humidity
Jaw plants prefer warm temperatures, ideally 65°F to 85°F (18°C–29°C) during their active growing season. They are not frost-tolerant; protect them when temperatures drop below freezing. If outdoors, bring them inside when nighttime temperatures fall below 60°F (16°C). These succulents thrive in dry air and average household humidity.
Fertilizing
Jaw plants are not heavy feeders. During their active growth in spring and summer, apply a balanced liquid fertilizer, diluted to half strength, once or twice. Over-fertilizing can lead to weak, uncharacteristic growth. Do not fertilize during winter dormancy.
Propagating Jaw Plants
Jaw plants propagate through offsets, small plantlets emerging around the base of the mature plant. Gently separate offsets from the parent plant. If rooted, plant directly. If not, allow the cut end to dry and form a callus for a day or two before planting.
Plant the calloused offset in a well-draining succulent mix. Water sparingly until new growth indicates successful rooting. Seed propagation is also possible but slower.
Troubleshooting Common Issues
Jaw plants are resilient but can face issues from improper care. Shriveled or wrinkled leaves usually signal underwatering. Conversely, soft, mushy, or discolored leaves are common signs of overwatering and potential root rot. Reduce watering and allowing the soil to dry completely is crucial in these cases.
Stretched, pale, or leggy growth indicates insufficient light (etiolation); move the plant to a brighter location. Jaw plants are generally trouble-free but can encounter pests like mealybugs or spider mites, which can be treated with insecticidal sprays or by wiping them away.
Is the Jaw Plant Toxic?
The Faucaria tigrina is considered non-toxic to humans and most pets, making it a safe choice for households. However, some sources suggest it may contain oxalic acid and other toxins that can irritate the mouth and digestive tract of reptiles if ingested.