A urine sample provides healthcare providers with a snapshot of the body’s internal processes, helping to diagnose conditions such as a urinary tract infection or to monitor kidney function. The goal of collecting this sample is to perform a “clean catch,” which prevents bacteria and cells naturally present on the skin from contaminating the specimen. Accurate analysis depends on minimizing this external contamination, making a precise collection method important.
Preparing for the Clean Catch
Preparing the collection area is the first step in ensuring the integrity of the specimen. Start by thoroughly washing your hands with soap and water to remove any surface bacteria. Next, gather the sterile supplies provided by the clinic, which typically include a collection cup and several antiseptic towelettes. Carefully unscrew the lid of the cup and place it face-up on a clean surface, making sure the inside surface remains untouched.
To clean the genital area, sit comfortably on the toilet and use one hand to gently spread the labia. While keeping the labia separated, use the first antiseptic wipe to clean the inner folds from front to back. Discard that wipe immediately and repeat the front-to-back motion with a second wipe to ensure a sterile field. This cleaning action physically removes surface organisms that might otherwise wash into the sample.
The Midstream Collection Procedure
With the labia still separated to keep the urinary opening exposed, begin urinating directly into the toilet. This initial burst of urine, sometimes called the “first stream,” helps to flush out any remaining microbes or cells from the urethra. Allowing this initial flow to pass for a few seconds is a technique used to prevent contamination of the final sample.
After the first stream has gone into the toilet, interrupt the flow momentarily and carefully position the sterile collection cup under the urine stream. Resume urinating, directing the flow into the cup without letting the cup touch the surrounding skin or genital area. Fill the cup until it is approximately half full, which is typically about one to two ounces of fluid. Once the required amount has been collected, carefully remove the cup from the stream and finish urinating the remainder into the toilet.
Securing and Submitting the Sample
Immediately after collection, securely replace the lid onto the cup, tightening it firmly to prevent any leakage. Be sure to handle the cup only on the outside surfaces, avoiding the inner rim or the inside of the lid. If a label was not pre-applied, write your full name, date of birth, and the exact time of collection onto the cup to ensure proper patient identification.
The specimen must be delivered to the laboratory or clinic staff as soon as possible, ideally within one hour of collection. If a delay in transport is unavoidable, the sample must be kept cold to slow the multiplication of any bacteria. Place the sealed cup inside a clean plastic bag and store it in a refrigerator at approximately 4 degrees Celsius. Even when refrigerated, the sample should be delivered to the lab within 24 hours to maintain its integrity.