Retainers are custom-made dental appliances designed to maintain teeth position after orthodontic treatment, preventing them from shifting back to their original alignment. They serve as an important final step to preserve the results of braces or aligners, ensuring the long-term stability of a straightened smile. However, retainers can sometimes stop fitting correctly, a common concern for many.
Reasons Retainers Stop Fitting
Several factors can cause a retainer to no longer fit. Minor tooth movement, also known as orthodontic relapse, is a common reason, as teeth naturally shift back if not held in place. This can occur due to inconsistent wear, allowing movement over time. Natural aging and changes in jawbone and gum tissue can also contribute to slight shifts.
Beyond tooth movement, the retainer itself can become compromised. Physical damage, such as warping from exposure to high heat (e.g., leaving it in a hot car or washing it in hot water), or bending from being dropped or mishandled, can alter its shape and fit. Everyday wear and tear can also cause the retainer material to become misshapen. Bruxism, or teeth grinding, can also put excessive force on the retainer, leading to cracks or warping.
Addressing a Misfitting Retainer
When a retainer no longer fits, avoid forcing it into place or modifying it yourself. Forcing a misfitting retainer can cause damage to teeth, such as chipping or cracking, irritate gums, or break the retainer. It is also not designed to actively move shifted teeth back into alignment like braces or aligners.
The safest and most effective course of action is to contact an orthodontist or dentist as soon as a fit issue is noticed. During the appointment, the dental professional will assess the situation by examining the retainer for damage and evaluating tooth position. Depending on the assessment, the orthodontist might be able to make minor adjustments to the existing retainer if the fit issue is minimal. If the retainer is significantly damaged, warped, or if the teeth have shifted considerably, a new retainer may be necessary. In rare cases where teeth have undergone substantial shifting, further orthodontic treatment might be recommended to realign them.
Maintaining Retainer Fit Over Time
To prevent retainers from losing their fit, consistent wear as prescribed by the orthodontist is important. Teeth have a natural tendency to shift, and consistent retainer use helps stabilize them in their new positions while the surrounding bone and tissues adapt. The initial months after orthodontic treatment are particularly important for full-time wear, gradually transitioning to nighttime wear as advised.
Proper cleaning and care are also important for maintaining the retainer’s integrity. Retainers should be cleaned daily with a soft toothbrush and mild soap, avoiding hot water or abrasive toothpastes that can warp or scratch the material. Storing the retainer in its protective case when not in use helps prevent damage, warping from heat, or accidental loss. Regular check-ups with the orthodontist allow for monitoring the retainer’s fit and addressing minor issues early.