Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is a non-invasive medical imaging technology that uses a magnetic field and computer-generated radio waves to create detailed images of organs and tissues. While MRI scans are painless and do not involve radiation, the experience can sometimes trigger anxiety due to factors like the enclosed space and loud noises. This article provides practical advice and strategies to help individuals feel more comfortable and prepared for their MRI scan.
What to Expect During Your MRI
An MRI machine is a large, tube-shaped magnet. Patients lie on a movable table that slides into this tunnel-like structure. The procedure itself is painless, with no sensation of the magnetic field or radio waves. However, the machine generates loud noises, including knocking, thumping, clicking, and whirring sounds, caused by the rapid switching of magnetic field gradient coils. These sounds can range from 65 to 130 decibels, often exceeding 90 to 100 decibels, making ear protection necessary.
A typical MRI scan can last anywhere from 15 minutes to over an hour, depending on the specific area being imaged and the complexity of the examination. Throughout this duration, remaining completely still is essential to ensure the clarity and accuracy of the images. Movement can blur the scans, potentially requiring repeat sequences. The ends of the MRI machine are always open, and a fan continuously circulates air through the tube, ensuring ventilation.
Preparing for Your Scan
Thorough preparation before an MRI appointment can contribute to a smoother experience. It is important to discuss your complete medical history with your doctor and the MRI staff, particularly regarding any implanted medical devices like pacemakers, artificial heart valves, or metal clips, as these can pose safety hazards or distort images due to the strong magnetic field. Certain tattoos, especially those with darker inks, may also contain metal particles that could heat up during the scan, so it is advisable to inform the technologist about them.
Wearing comfortable, loose-fitting clothing free of metal fasteners, such as zippers or buttons, is recommended. Patients are often asked to change into a hospital gown to ensure no metal interferes with the scan. All jewelry, watches, hairpins, eyeglasses, and certain cosmetics that might contain metal particles should be removed before entering the MRI room. For some scans, such as those of the abdomen or pelvis, fasting for 1-4 hours may be required for clearer images. If contrast material is used, you might be advised not to eat for a couple of hours prior, as it can cause nausea. Arriving early allows time for paperwork, changing, and asking any last-minute questions.
Strategies for Managing Discomfort and Anxiety
During the MRI scan, several techniques can help manage discomfort and anxiety. Deep breathing exercises are effective; focus on inhaling slowly through your nose and exhaling through your mouth, making your breath deeper and more controlled. This can help regulate your physiological response to stress. Progressive muscle relaxation involves systematically tensing and then relaxing different muscle groups throughout your body, beginning from your head and moving down to your feet, releasing tension with each exhalation.
Visualization is another tool; mentally transport yourself to a calm and pleasant place, focusing on its sights, sounds, and smells. Alternatively, imagine a warm light or sunlight melting away any tension or discomfort.
Many MRI facilities offer the option to listen to music through headphones, which can help mask the machine’s loud noises and provide distraction. Some machines even have mirrors or small screens that allow you to see outside the scanner or watch television, reducing feelings of confinement. Focusing on a single point or thought, such as counting slowly or repeating a calming mantra like “I am safe,” can also help maintain focus and reduce anxious thoughts. Keeping your eyes closed throughout the scan can also minimize the perception of being in an enclosed space.
Communicating with Your Healthcare Team
Open communication with the MRI technologists and medical staff is important for a more comfortable experience. Express any fears or concerns you have before the scan begins, as they can offer reassurance and potentially implement accommodations. You can request comfort items such as a blanket for warmth, earplugs, or headphones to mitigate the loud noises.
During the scan, you will have access to a call button or an intercom system to communicate with the technologist. If you feel overwhelmed, need a break, or experience any discomfort, you can press the button to alert the staff, who can quickly stop the scan and assist you. Having this option can provide a sense of control and reduce anxiety. For individuals with severe anxiety or claustrophobia, discussing sedation options with your doctor prior to the appointment may be beneficial. Sedation, often in the form of oral medication or intravenous (IV) drugs, can help you feel more relaxed and sleepy during the procedure.